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Reducción de la inhibición de la respuesta en el trastorno obsesivo compulsivo

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

R. Penadés ,
R. Catalán ,
K. Rubia ,
S. Andrés ,
M. Salamero  and
C. Gastó
R. Penadés
Affiliation:
Instituto de Neurociencia Clínica, Hospital Clínico, Villarroel 170, 08036Barcelona, España
R. Catalán
Affiliation:
Instituto de Neurociencia Clínica, Hospital Clínico, Villarroel 170, 08036Barcelona, España
K. Rubia
Affiliation:
Instituto de Psiquiatría, King’s College, Londres, Reino Unido
S. Andrés
Affiliation:
Instituto de Neurociencia Clínica, Hospital Clínico, Villarroel 170, 08036Barcelona, España
M. Salamero
Affiliation:
Instituto de Neurociencia Clínica, Hospital Clínico, Villarroel 170, 08036Barcelona, España
C. Gastó
Affiliation:
Instituto de Neurociencia Clínica, Hospital Clínico, Villarroel 170, 08036Barcelona, España
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Resumen

Objetivo

Este estudio investiga tres funciones de control inhibidoras diferentes en pacientes con trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC). La inhibición selectiva de la respuesta motora se investigó con un paradigma GO/NO-GO, la inhibición de una respuesta motora desencadenada con el paradigma STOP y la capacidad de inhibir la interferencia cognitiva con el paradigma motor STROOP.

Métodos

Se aplicaron los tests GO/NO-GO (ejecución-no ejecución), STOP y STROOP a 27 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios del DSM-IV para TOC y 25 sujetos de control sanos apareados por edad, lateralidad y CI.

Resultados

Los pacientes con TOC tuvieron un rendimiento significativamente peor que los controles en la inhibición selectiva de las respuestas (GO/NO-GO) y en la inhibición de la interferencia cognitiva (STROOP) y también tuvieron peor rendimiento en la inhibición de respuestas motoras previamente desencadenadas (STOP).

Conclusiones

Los pacientes con TOC tienen deficiencias en los mecanismos inhibidores motores y cognitivos. Los resultados coinciden con los modelos psicobiológicos y neuropsicológicos de TOC que sugieren que existe un deterioro en los circuitos frontoestriatales que regulan las funciones de control inhibidor.

Keywords

Trastorno obsesivo compulsivoTarea GO/NO-GOTarea STOPTarea STROOPInhibición cognitivaInhibición de la respuesta motora
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 14 , Issue 8 , November 2007 , pp. 400 - 407
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2007

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