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Relaciones entre intento de suicidio, vulnerabilidad temperamental y delitos violentos en una población psiquiátrica forense sueca

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

E. Gunilla Stålenheim
E. Gunilla Stålenheim*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Neurociencia, Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario, SE75185Upsala, Suecia
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Resumen

Se investigó la relación entre los intentos de suicidio y diferentes factores de vulnerabilidad en 61 sujetos varones durante el examen psiquiátrico forense. Los rasgos de personalidad y la psicopatía se determinaron por medio de las Escalas Karolinska de la Personalidad (KSP) y la Lista de Psicopatía Revisada (PCL-R). Los diagnósticos clínicos se determinaron por el uso de la Entrevista Clínica Estructurada para el DSM-III-R (SCID). La actividad de la monoaminooxidasa (MAO) de las plaquetas se investigó en 58 sujetos. Los pacientes que intentaron suicidarse tenían puntuaciones sumamente bajas en socialización y altas en agresión impulsiva. Esto era independiente de que existieran antecedentes de reincidencia en delitos violentos o no. Estos sujetos tenían puntuaciones más altas en la PCL-R y niveles más bajos de actividad de la MAO de las plaquetas que los que no intentaron suicidarse. No se encontró relación entre los intentos de suicidio y la reincidencia en delitos violentos. Sin embargo, entre los sujetos con reincidencia en delitos violentos había una diferencia muy significativa entre quienes intentaron suicidarse y quienes no, lo que indica perfiles de personalidad diferentes en los delincuentes violentos con y sin comportamiento suicida. El comportamiento suicida se asociaba significativamente con el trastorno límite de la personalidad, pero no con ningún otro trastorno individual del DSM-III-R. Los resultados muestran una perturbación de la personalidad mucho más grave en los pacientes que intentaron suicidarse que en otros pacientes violentos en este tipo de población. Por tanto, la conducta suicida se debería evaluar y tratar per se.

Keywords

trastorno límite de la personalidadpsiquiatría forenseKSPMAO de las plaquetasintento de suicidioviolencia
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , March 2002 , pp. 98 - 107
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2002

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