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¿Son las manifestaciones psicopatológicas del trastorno psicótico agudo y transitorio diferentes a las de los trastornos esquizofrénico y esquizoafectivo?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Andreas Marneros ,
Frank Pillmann ,
Annette Haring ,
Sabine Balzuweit  and
Raffaela Blöink
Andreas Marneros
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad Martin Luther de Halle-Wittenberg, 06097Halle, Alemania
Frank Pillmann
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad Martin Luther de Halle-Wittenberg, 06097Halle, Alemania
Annette Haring
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad Martin Luther de Halle-Wittenberg, 06097Halle, Alemania
Sabine Balzuweit
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad Martin Luther de Halle-Wittenberg, 06097Halle, Alemania
Raffaela Blöink
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia, Universidad Martin Luther de Halle-Wittenberg, 06097Halle, Alemania
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Resumen

Objetivo

Este estudio explora los aspectos psicopatológicos de los trastornos psicóticos agudos y transitorios (TPAT), una categoría diagnóstica introducida con la CIE-10, para dilucidar su relación con la esquizofrenia y las psicosis esquizoafectivas.

Métodos

Seleccionamos durante un periodo de 5 años a todos los pacientes ingresados consecutivos que cumplían los criterios de la CIE-10 de TPAT (F23) así como a grupos de control con esquizofrenia “positiva” (EP) y trastorno esquizoafectivo bipolar (TEQAB) emparejados en cuanto al género y la edad en el episodio índice. Para la evaluación de los parámetros psicopatológicos durante el episodio índice se utilizó una lista estandarizada de síntomas. Se evaluó también los síntomas prepsicóticos (prodrómicos).

Resultados

Durante el periodo prepsicótico, se detectaron pocas diferencias entre los grupos. La diferencia más importante entre el TPAT y los otros dos trastornos psicóticos con respecto a la fenomenología de los episodios desarrollados era una frecuencia más alta de “temas delirantes rápidamente cambiantes”, “estado de ánimo rápidamente cambiante” y ansiedad en el TPAT.

Conclusiones

El TPAT muestra un cuadro psicopatológico característico compatible con conceptos anteriores, como las psicosis cicloides y la bouffée delirante. Sin embargo, las manifestaciones psicopatológicas solas no son suficientes para establecer el TPAT como una entidad nosológica independiente.

Keywords

Trastornos psicóticos agudos y transitoriosEsquizofreniaTrastorno esquizoafectivo bipolarPsicopatologíaProdrómico
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 12 , Issue 8 , November 2005 , pp. 418 - 425
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005

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