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White matter hyperintensities and cognitive performance in adult patients with bipolar I, bipolar II, and major depressive disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

T. Kieseppä ,
R. Mäntylä ,
A. Tuulio-Henriksson ,
K. Luoma ,
O. Mantere ,
M. Ketokivi ,
M. Holma ,
P. Jylhä ,
T. Melartin  and
K. Suominen
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T. Kieseppä*
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00300Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
R. Mäntylä
Affiliation:
HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Hyvinkää Hospital, Hyvinkää, Finland
A. Tuulio-Henriksson
Affiliation:
Social Insurance Institution, Research Department, Helsinki, Finland Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
K. Luoma
Affiliation:
HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
O. Mantere
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00300Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
M. Ketokivi
Affiliation:
Operations and Technology Department, IE Business School, Madrid, Spain
M. Holma
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00300Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
P. Jylhä
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00300Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
T. Melartin
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00300Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
K. Suominen
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00300Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
M. Vuorilehto
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00300Helsinki, Finland
E. Isometsä
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00300Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +358 44 5454291. E-mail addresses:tuula.kieseppa@thl.fi, tuula.kieseppa@hus.fi (T. Kieseppä).
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Abstract

Purpose:

We evaluate for the first time the associations of brain white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with neuropsychological variables among middle-aged bipolar I (BPI), II (BPII) and major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and controls using a path model.

Methods:

Thirteen BPI, 15 BPII, 16 MDD patients, and 21 controls underwent brain MRI and a neuropsychological examination. Two experienced neuroradiologists evaluated WMHs on the MRI scans. We constructed structural equation models to test the strength of the associations between deep WMH (DWMH) grade, neuropsychological performance and diagnostic group.

Results:

Belonging in the BPI group as opposed to the control group predicted higher DWMH grade (coefficient estimate 1.13, P = 0.012). The DWMH grade independently predicted worse performance on the Visual Span Forward test (coefficient estimate −0.48, P = 0.002). Group effects of BPI and MDD were significant in predicting poorer performance on the Digit Symbol test (coefficient estimate −5.57, P = 0.016 and coefficient estimate −5.66, P = 0.034, respectively).

Limitations:

Because of the small number of study subjects in groups, the negative results must be considered with caution.

Conclusions:

Only BPI patients had an increased risk for DWMHs. DWMHs were independently associated with deficits in visual attention.

Keywords

Unipolar depressionMania and bipolar disorderMRINeuroscience other (neuropsychology)
Type
Original articles
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , May 2014 , pp. 226 - 232
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2014

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