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Association between circadian rhythm, sleep disturbances and temperament in major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

S. Tunç ,
İ. Yağcı ,
Y. Yenilmez Bilgin ,
Ö. Canbek ,
M.İ. Atagün ,
N. Hüseyinoğlu  and
S. Ardıç
S. Tunç*
Affiliation:
Kafkas University School of Medicine, Psychiatry, Kars, Turkey
İ. Yağcı
Affiliation:
Kafkas University School of Medicine, Psychiatry, Kars, Turkey
Y. Yenilmez Bilgin
Affiliation:
Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Research and Training Hospital-Formerly Kafkas University School of Medicine, Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
Ö. Canbek
Affiliation:
Istanbul Bakırköy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
M.İ. Atagün
Affiliation:
Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Medicine, Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey
N. Hüseyinoğlu
Affiliation:
Kafkas University School of Medicine, Neurology, Kars, Turkey
S. Ardıç
Affiliation:
Kafkas University School of Medicine, Chest Diseases, Kars, Turkey
*
* Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Circadian rhythms and quality of sleep have been associated with temperament characteristics in healthy populations. Since temperaments are personality traits concerning the behavioral, motivational and emotional responses, adaptive capacity for sleep and circadian rhythm may also be related with temperament traits.

Aims

To identify the determinants of sleep quality (SQ) and biological rhythm (BR) in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and depression among temperament measures.

Methods

Patients with bipolar disorder (BD, n = 49), major depression (MD, n = 35), schizophrenia (SZ, n = 30) and a healthy control group (HC, n = 36) were enrolled. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were the measures. One-way ANOVA, Spearman Correlation Test and Linear Regression analyses were the other comparisons.

Results

Determinants of sleep quality were self-directedness in MD [F(1,26) = 6.10, P = 0.020] and BD [F(1,31) = 10.88, P = 0.002] groups. Self-transcendence (P = 0.004), self-directedness (P = 0.038) and persistence (P = 0.05) were the determinants of sleep quality in schizophrenia group [F(3,21) = 9.71, P < 0.001]. Harm-avoidance was the determinant of sleep quality in the HC group [F(1,28) = 7.97, P < 0.001]. Determinants of biological rhythms were harm-avoidance in the BD group [F(1,32) = 9.65, P = 0.004] and self-directedness in the SZ group [F(1,23) = 11.09, P = 0.003] and harm-avoidance (P < 0.001) and self-transcendence (P = 0.039) in the HC group [F(2,27) = 15.81, P < 0.001].

Conclusions

Self-Directedness was associated with circadian rhythm and sleep quality in MD, BD and SZ groups. Extreme temperament features may contribute to emotional and behavioral dysfunction, which may lead to abnormal sleep patterns in psychiatric disorders.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Keywords

SleepCircadian rhythmTemperamentBipolar disorderSchizophreniaDepression
Type
FC99
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 33 , Issue S1: Abstracts of the 24th European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2016 , pp. S110
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2016
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