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A cluster-analytical approach toward real-world outcome in outpatients with stable schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

P. Rocca ,
C. Montemagni ,
C. Mingrone ,
B. Crivelli ,
M. Sigaudo  and
F. Bogetto
P. Rocca*
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Struttura Semplice di Coordinamento a Valenza Dipartimentale (SSCVD), Department of Mental Health ASL TO1-A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
*
*Corresponding author. University of Turin, Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, via Cherasco 11, 10126 Turin, Italy. Tel.: +0039 011 6336780; fax: +0039 011 673473. E-mail address: paola.rocca@unito.it (P. Rocca).
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Abstract

Background

This study aims to empirically identify profiles of functioning, and the correlates of those profiles in a sample of patients with stable schizophrenia in a real-world setting. The second aim was to assess factors associated with best profile membership.

Methods

Three hundred and twenty-three outpatients were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. A two-step cluster analysis was used to define groups of patients by using baseline values for the Heinrichs-Carpenter Quality of Life Scale (QLS) total score. Logistic regression was used to construct models of class membership.

Results

Our study identified three distinct clusters: 50.4% of patients were classified in the “moderate” cluster, 27.9% in the “poor” cluster, 21.7% in the “good” cluster. Membership in the “good” cluster versus the “poor” cluster was characterized by less severe negative (OR = .832) and depressive symptoms (OR = .848), being employed (OR = 2.414), having a long-term relationship (OR = .256), and treatment with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) (OR = 3.831). Nagelkerke R2 for this model was .777.

Conclusions

Understanding which factors are associated with better outcomes may direct specific and additional therapeutic interventions, such as treatment with SGAs and supported employment, in order to enhance benefits for patients, as well as to improve the delivery of care in the community.

Keywords

SchizophreniaQuality of lifeReal-world outcomeMilestonesCluster analysis
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 32 , February 2016 , pp. 48 - 54
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2016

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