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Cognitive impairment associated with psychosis (CIAPS): Validity of clinical criteria to detect cognitive impairment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

A. Sánchez-Torres ,
G. Gil-Berrozpe ,
R. Lorente-Omeñaca ,
M. Zandio ,
L. Moreno-Izco ,
L. Janda ,
D. Peralta ,
V. Peralta  and
M. Cuesta
A. Sánchez-Torres
Affiliation:
Mental Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain
G. Gil-Berrozpe*
Affiliation:
Mental Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain
R. Lorente-Omeñaca
Affiliation:
Mental Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain
M. Zandio
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
L. Moreno-Izco
Affiliation:
Mental Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
L. Janda
Affiliation:
Mental Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
D. Peralta
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
V. Peralta
Affiliation:
Mental Health Department, Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain
M. Cuesta
Affiliation:
Mental Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Even though cognitive impairment is considered a hallmark of schizophrenia, it has not been included as a criterion into major diagnostic systems.

Objectives

To test whether a set of clinical-defined cognitive impairment criteria can have utility in the assessment of psychosis patients in clinical practice.

Methods

We assessed 98 patients with a psychotic disorder, diagnosed using DSM 5 criteria. We developed a set of cognitive impairment associated with psychosis (CIAPs) criteria following the format of current DSM criteria and based on previous literature. The CIAPs criteria include: A) criterion for evidence of cognitive impairment after the beginning of illness; B) cognitive impairment clinically evidenced, affecting functioning in everyday activities in at least two out of six cognitive domains; C) and D) exclusion criterion for either delirium or other neurocognitive disorders, respectively, as causal agents of the cognitive impairment. The psychosis patients dichotomized by the CIAPs criteria were tested regarding the neuropsychological performance in attention, speed of processing, verbal memory, visual memory, working memory, executive function and social cognition tasks. Also a Global Cognitive Index was calculated.

Results

Forty-three patients with psychosis fulfilled the CIAPs criteria (43.9%). MANOVA profile analyses revealed a pattern of statistically significant deficits in all the cognitive dimensions except for social cognition in CIAPs+ patients regarding CIAPS-, with prominent deficits in processing speed and memory functions.

Conclusions

The CIAPs criteria could be an auxiliary method for clinicians to assess cognitive impairment. It may also permit clinical estimation of the influence of cognitive deficits on the ecological functioning of patients.

Conflict of interest

This work was supported by the Government of Navarra (grants 17/31, 18/41, 87/2014) and the Carlos III Health Institute (FEDER Funds) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (14/01621 and 16/02148). Both had no further role in the study des

Keywords

psychosisschizophréniacognitiondiagnostic criteria
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S519 - S520
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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