Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T08:42:30.120Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Comparison of the diagnosis of melancholic and atypical features according to DSM-IV and somatic syndrome according to ICD-10 in patients suffering from major depression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2020

K.N. Fountoulakis ,
A. Iacovides ,
I. Nimatoudis ,
G. Kaprinis  and
Ch. Ierodiakonou
K.N. Fountoulakis*
Affiliation:
3rd Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Hospital AHEPA, Thessaloniki, Greece
A. Iacovides
Affiliation:
3rd Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Hospital AHEPA, Thessaloniki, Greece
I. Nimatoudis
Affiliation:
3rd Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Hospital AHEPA, Thessaloniki, Greece
G. Kaprinis
Affiliation:
3rd Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Hospital AHEPA, Thessaloniki, Greece
Ch. Ierodiakonou
Affiliation:
3rd Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Hospital AHEPA, Thessaloniki, Greece
*
*Correspondence and reprints: Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis, 53 Chrysostomou Smyrnis Street, 55132 Aretsou Thessaloniki, Greece Fax: 30.31.266570 kfount@med.auth.gr
Get access

Summary

While melancholic (according to DSM) or somatic syndrome (according to ICD) has strong historical roots and substantial empirical verification, the concept of atypical features is relatively new and not sufficiently studied. The aim of the current study was to investigate the reliability of these diagnostic subcategories in patients suffering from major depression in Greece. Forty patients (eight males and 32 females) aged 19-60 years (mean 39.3, sd 12.2) suffering from major depression according to DSM-IV criteria were studied. SCAN v.2.0 was used to assess symptomatology. The presence of each criterion according to DSM-IV and ICD-10 was registered. Frequency tables were developed and factor and cluster analysis were performed. The results of the analysis suggest the existence of three syndromes which roughly reflect the melancholic and atypical but also propose a third, which can be considered as an ‘undifferentiated’ syndrome. The DSM demand that the existence of melancholic features be excluded first and then that diagnosis of atypical features be made was confirmed.

Keywords

atypicalclassificationdepressionDSM-IVICD-10melancholicSCANsomatic
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 14 , Issue 8 , December 1999 , pp. 426 - 433
Copyright
Copyright © Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Altman, D.GPractical Statistics for Medical Research 1991 London: Chapman & HallGoogle Scholar
American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd Ed, DSM-III 1980 American Psychiatric Press: Washington DCGoogle Scholar
American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Ed, DSM-IV 1994 American Psychiatric Press: Washington DCGoogle Scholar
Bech, PGram, L.FReisby, NRafaelsen, O.JThe WHO depresion scale: relationship to the Newcastle scales Acta Psychiatr Scand 62 1980 140–155CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carney, MRoth, MGarside, R.FThe diagnosis of depressive syndromes and the prediction of ECT response Br J Psychiatry 111 1965 659–74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cattell, RBThe description of personality I: Foundations of trait measurement Psychol Rev 50 1943 559–94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coryell, WWinokur, GShea, TMaser, JEndicott, JAkiskal, HThe long-term stability of depressive subtypes Am J Psychiatry 151 1994 199–204Google ScholarPubMed
Dally, P.JRohde, PComparison of antidepressant drugs in depressive illnesses Lancet 1 1961 18–20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davidson, JTurnbull, CStrickland, RBelyea, MComparative diagnostic criteria for melancholia and endogenous depression Arch Gen Psychiatary 41 1984 506–11CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Everitt, B.SCluster Analysis 3rd ed. 1993 New York: Edward ArnoldGoogle Scholar
Everitt, B.SBimodality and the nature of depression Brit J Psychiatry 138 1981 336–9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farmer, AMcGuffin, TThe classification of the depressions – Contemporary confusion revisited Brit J Psychiatr 155 1989 437–43CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gillespie, R.DDiscussion on manic-depressive pychosis BMJ 2 1926 878–9Google Scholar
Kendell, R.EThe classification of depressions: A review of contemporary confusion Brit J Psychiatr 129 1976 15–28CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendell, R.EThe stability of psychiatric diagnosis Br J Psychiatry 124 1974 352–6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kraepelin, ELectures on Clinical Psychiatry 1904 London: Tindall and CoxCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leckman, JWeisman, MPrusoff, BCaruso, KMerikangas, KPauls, DSubtypes of depression Arch Gen Psychiatry 41 1984 833–8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levitan, RLesage, AParikh, SGoering, PKennedy, SReversed neurovegetative symptoms in depression: A community study of Ontario Am J Psychiatry 154; 7 1997 934–40Google ScholarPubMed
Lewis, AMelancholia: A clinical survey of depressive states J Ment Sci 80 1934 277–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liebowitz, M.RQuitkin, F.MStewart, JMc Grath, P.JHarrisson, WRabkin, JPhenelzine vs Imipramine in atypical depression Arch Gen Psychiatry 41 1984 669–77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liebowitz, M.RQuitkin, F.MStewart, JMcGrath, P.PHarrison, WMarkowitz, JAntidepressant specificity in atypical depression Arch Gen Psychiatry 45 1988 129–37CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGuffin, PKatz, RAldrich, JBebbington, PThe Camberwell Collaborative Depression Study, II: Investigation of family members Br J Psychiatry 152 1988 766–74CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGuffin, PKatz, RAldrich, JBebbington, PThe Camberwell Collaborative Depression Study, II: Depression and anxiety in the relatives of depressed probands Br J Psychiatry 152 1988 775–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendels, JCochrane, CThe nosology of depression: The endogenous-reactive concept Am J Psychiatry 124 1968 1–11CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nelson, GCharney, DThe symptoms of major depressive illness Am J Psychiatry 138 1981 1–13Google ScholarPubMed
Overall, J.EHollister, L.EJohnson, MNosology of depression and differential response to drugs JAMA 195 1966 946–50CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parker, GHadzi Pavlovic, DBroyce, PWilhelm, KBrodaty, HMitchell, P et al. Classifying depression by mental state signs Brit J Psychiatry 157 1990 55–65CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parker, GHadzi Pavlovic, DBroyce, PEndogenous depression as a construct: A quantitative analysis of the literature and a study of clinician judgements Aust NZ J Psychiatry 23 1989 357–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paykel, E.SPrusoff, B.ATanner, JTemporal stability of symptom patterns in depression Br J Psychiatry 128 1976 369–74CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pollit, JYoung, JAnxiety state or masked depression? A study based on the action of MAOIs Br J Psychiatry 119 1971 143–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabkin, JStewart, JQuitkin, FMcGrath, PHarrison, WKlein, DShould atypical depression be included in DSM-IV?In: American Psychiatric Association. DSM-IV Sourcebook. Vol. 2. 1996 Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press 239–260Google Scholar
Roth, MCurney, MMountjoy, C.QThe Newcastle rating scales Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl; 310 1983 42–54CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roth, MThe phenomenology of depressive states Can Psychiatr Assoc J 4 Suppl 1959 32–52CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rush, A.JWeissenburger, J.EMelancholic symptoms featuresIn: American Psychiatric Association. DSM-IV Sourcebook. Vol. 2 1996 Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press 198–238Google Scholar
Rush, A.JWeissenburger, M.AMelancholic symptoms, features and DSM-IV Am J Psychiatry 151 1994 489–98Google ScholarPubMed
Sargant, WSome newer drugs in the treatment of depression and their relation to other somatic treatments Psychosomatics 1 1960 14–17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzer, R.LEdincott, JRobins, EResearch diagnostic criteria: Rationale and reliability Arch Gen Psychiatry 35 1978 773–82CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
VanPraag, H.MUleman, A.MSpitz, J.CThe vital syndrome interview Psychiatr Neurol Neurochir 68 1965 329–49Google Scholar
West, E.DDally, P.JEffects of Iproniazid in depressive syndromes BMJ 1 1959 1491–4CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organisation Schedules for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry–SCAN version 2. 0. Greek Version 1995 Athens: Mavreas V. Research University Institute for Mental HealthGoogle Scholar
World Health Organisation The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders 1993 Geneva: Diagnostic Criteria for ResearchGoogle Scholar
Young, M.AScheftner, WKlerman, G.LAndreasen, N.CHirsfeld, R.MThe edogenous sub-type of depression: A study of its internal construct validity Br J Psyhciatry 148 1986 257–67CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zimmerman, MCoryell, W.HBlack, DVariability in the application of contemporary diagnostic criteria: Endogenous depression as an example Am J Psychiatry 147 9 1990 1173–9Google ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.