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The effects of psychoactive drugs and neuroleptics on language in normal subjects and schizophrenic patients: a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

F Salomé ,
P Boyer  and
M Fayol
F Salomé*
Affiliation:
CNRS UMR 7593, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47, Boulevard de l’hôpital, 75651Paris, France
P Boyer
Affiliation:
CNRS UMR 7593, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47, Boulevard de l’hôpital, 75651Paris, France
M Fayol
Affiliation:
LAPSCO/CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, 34 Avenue Carnot, 63037Clermont-Ferrand, France
*
*Correspondence and reprints. Email address: salome@ccr.jussieu.fr (F. Salomé).
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Extract

The aim of this survey is to present an overview of research into psychopharmacology as regards the effects of different psychoactive drugs and neuroleptics (NL) on language in normal subjects and schizophrenic patients. Eighteen studies that have investigated the effects of different drugs (alcohol, amphetamines, secobarbital, L-dopa, psilocybin, ketamine, fenfluramine) and neuroleptics (conventional and atypical) on language are reviewed. There are no studies concerning the effects of neuroleptics on language in healthy subjects. The results of the effects of other molecules indicate that language production can be increased (alcohol, amphetamine, secobarbital), rendered more complex (d-amphetamine), more focused (L-dopa) or more unfocused (psilocybin) and clearly impaired (ketamine). For schizophrenic patients, most studies show that conventional neuroleptic treatments, at a therapeutic dosage and in acute or chronic mode, reduce language disorders at all levels (clinic, linguistic, psycholinguistic). In conjunction with other molecules, the classical NL, when administered at a moderate dosage and in chronic mode, modify language in schizophrenia, either by improving the verbal flow and reducing pauses and positive thought disorder (NL + amphetamine) or by inducing an impairment in the language measurements (NL + fenfluramine). Clinical, methodological and theoretical considerations of results are debated in the framework of schizophrenic language disorders.

Keywords

languageneurolepticspsychoactive drugsschizophreniaspeechthought disorder
Type
Review
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 15 , Issue 8 , December 2000 , pp. 461 - 469
Copyright
Copyright © 2001 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved

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