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EPA guidance on the early intervention in clinical high risk states of psychoses

Part of: EPA Guidance Papers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

S.J. Schmidt ,
F. Schultze-Lutter ,
B.G. Schimmelmann ,
N.P. Maric ,
R.K.R. Salokangas ,
A. Riecher-Rössler ,
M. van der Gaag ,
A. Meneghelli ,
M. Nordentoft  and
M. Marshall
...Show all authors
S.J. Schmidt
Affiliation:
University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
F. Schultze-Lutter
Affiliation:
University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
B.G. Schimmelmann
Affiliation:
University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
N.P. Maric
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, University of Belgrade and Clinic of Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
R.K.R. Salokangas
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
A. Riecher-Rössler
Affiliation:
Center for Gender Research and Early Detection, Psychiatric University Clinics of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
M. van der Gaag
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology, VU University and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Psychosis Research, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Hague, The Netherlands
A. Meneghelli
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Salute Mentale, Centro per l’Individuazione e l’Intervento Precoce nelle Psicosi-Programma 2000, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Milan, Italy
M. Nordentoft
Affiliation:
Mental Health Center of Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
M. Marshall
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK LANTERN Center, Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
A. Morrison
Affiliation:
School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester West NHS Mental Health Trust, Manchester, UK
A. Raballo
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health, Reggio Emilia Public Health Center, Reggio Emilia, Italy Regional Working Group on Early Detection of Psychosis, Emilia Romagna Regional Health Service, Bologna, Italy
J. Klosterkötter*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
S. Ruhrmann
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
*
*Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany. Tel.: +49 221 478 4001; fax: +49 221 478 87139. E-mail address:Joachim.klosterkotter@uk-koeln.de (J. Klosterkötter).
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Abstract

This guidance paper from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) aims to provide evidence-based recommendations on early intervention in clinical high risk (CHR) states of psychosis, assessed according to the EPA guidance on early detection. The recommendations were derived from a meta-analysis of current empirical evidence on the efficacy of psychological and pharmacological interventions in CHR samples. Eligible studies had to investigate conversion rate and/or functioning as a treatment outcome in CHR patients defined by the ultra-high risk and/or basic symptom criteria. Besides analyses on treatment effects on conversion rate and functional outcome, age and type of intervention were examined as potential moderators. Based on data from 15 studies (n = 1394), early intervention generally produced significantly reduced conversion rates at 6- to 48-month follow-up compared to control conditions. However, early intervention failed to achieve significantly greater functional improvements because both early intervention and control conditions produced similar positive effects. With regard to the type of intervention, both psychological and pharmacological interventions produced significant effects on conversion rates, but not on functional outcome relative to the control conditions. Early intervention in youth samples was generally less effective than in predominantly adult samples. Seven evidence-based recommendations for early intervention in CHR samples could have been formulated, although more studies are needed to investigate the specificity of treatment effects and potential age effects in order to tailor interventions to the individual treatment needs and risk status.

Keywords

PreventionEarly intervention in EuropeMeta-analysisRiskPsychosisAdolescentsYouthCognitive-behavioral therapyAntipsychoticsNeuroprotective
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 30 , Issue 3: Special issue: EPA Guidance papers , March 2015 , pp. 388 - 404
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2015

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