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Impaired decision-making and brain shrinkage in alcoholism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

A.-P. Le Berre ,
G. Rauchs ,
R. La Joie ,
F. Mézenge ,
C. Boudehent ,
F. Vabret ,
S. Segobin ,
F. Viader ,
P. Allain  and
F. Eustache
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A.-P. Le Berre
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
G. Rauchs
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
R. La Joie
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
F. Mézenge
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
C. Boudehent
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, Service d’addictologie, Caen, France
F. Vabret
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, Service d’addictologie, Caen, France
S. Segobin
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
F. Viader
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, Service de neurologie, Caen, France
P. Allain
Affiliation:
Universitè d’Angers, UPRES EA 2646, Angers, France
F. Eustache
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
A.-L. Pitel
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
H. Beaunieux*
Affiliation:
Inserm, U1077, Caen, France Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France ècole Pratique des Hautes ètudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
*
*Corresponding author. Unité de Recherche U1077, Laboratoire de Neuropsychologie, CHU Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen cedex, France. Tel.: +33 2 31 06 51 97; fax: +33 2 31 06 51 98. E-mail address: helene.beaunieux@unicaen.fr (H. Beaunieux).
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Abstract

Alcohol-dependent individuals usually favor instant gratification of alcohol use and ignore its long-term negative consequences, reflecting impaired decision-making. According to the somatic marker hypothesis, decision-making abilities are subtended by an extended brain network. As chronic alcohol consumption is known to be associated with brain shrinkage in this network, the present study investigated relationships between brain shrinkage and decision-making impairments in alcohol-dependent individuals early in abstinence using voxel-based morphometry. Thirty patients performed the Iowa Gambling Task and underwent a magnetic resonance imaging investigation (1.5T). Decision-making performances and brain data were compared with those of age-matched healthy controls. In the alcoholic group, a multiple regression analysis was conducted with two predictors (gray matter [GM] volume and decision-making measure) and two covariates (number of withdrawals and duration of alcoholism). Compared with controls, alcoholics had impaired decision-making and widespread reduced gray matter volume, especially in regions involved in decision-making. The regression analysis revealed links between high GM volume in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and right hippocampal formation, and high decision-making scores (P < 0.001, uncorrected). Decision-making deficits in alcoholism may result from impairment of both emotional and cognitive networks.

Keywords

AlcoholismBrain morphologyDecision-makingFrontal cortexHippocampal formation
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , March 2014 , pp. 125 - 133
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2014

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