Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T06:54:28.115Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Novelty seekers and impulsive subjects are low in morningness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

Hervé Caci ,
Philippe Robert  and
Patrice Boyer
Hervé Caci*
Affiliation:
Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Nice, Hôpital Archet 2, 151, route de Saint-Antoine de Ginestière, BP 3079, 06202 Nice cedex 3, France
Philippe Robert
Affiliation:
Centre Mémoire, Clinique de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale, Hôpital Pasteur, Pavillon M, CHU de Nice, 30, avenue de la Voie Romaine, 06100 Nice, France
Patrice Boyer
Affiliation:
CNRS UMR 7593, Hôpital de la Salpétrière, Pavillon De Clérambault, 47, boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address: caci.h@chu-nice.fr (H. Caci).
Get access

Abstract

The bipolar dimension of morningness–eveningness refers to the preferred times of day for achieving various activities (i.e. the phase of the circadian clock). It is validated from a biological point of view, associated with at least one gene and heritable through an epistatic mechanism. It has been used as a proxy to study the relationships between the circadian system, personality and psychopathology: there is a correlation between the evening orientation and depression, extraversion and, probably, impulsivity. Furthermore, there is a possible relationship with temperament in children as theorized by Thomas and Chess. In this paper, we expanded on the hypothesis that impulsive subjects are low in morningness by performing a factor analysis of the Composite Scale of Morningness, Cloninger’s temperament and character inventory, and Spielberger’s trait anxiety inventory in a sample of 129 males. The results can probably be extended to women. Morningness is negatively correlated with novelty seeking (which includes an impulsivity facet), positively correlated with persistence, and independent of character dimensions and trait anxiety. Future research may focus in the involvement of the circadian system in these personality dimensions and facets, and the benefits of adding chronotherapic manipulations in the treatment of the personality disorders.

Type
Originl article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 79 - 84
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 European Psychiatric Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Kerkhof, GAInter-individual differences in the human circadian system: a review. Biol Psychol 1985;20:83–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tankova, IAdan, ABuela- Casal, GCircadian typology and individual differences. A review. Person Individ Diff 1994;16:671–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horne, JAÖstberg, OA self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness–eveningness in human circadian rhythms. Int J Chrono-biol 1976;4:97–110.Google ScholarPubMed
Smith, CSReilly, CMidkiff, KEvaluation of three circadian rhythm questionnaires with suggestions for an improved measure of morning-ness. J Appl Psychol 1989;74(5):728–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, CSTisak, JBauman, TGreen, EPsychometric equivalence of a translated circadian rhythm questionnaire: implications for between- and within-population assessments. J Appl Psychol 1991; 76:628–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kerkhof, GAIndividual differences in circadian rhythms. In: Folkardi, SMonk, Teditors. Hours of work: temporal factors in work scheduling. Chichester, England: Wiley; 1985.Google Scholar
Drennan, MDShelby, JKripke, DFKelsoe, JGillin, JCHMorningness/eveningness is heritable. Soc Neurosci 1992;8:196 [Abstracts].Google Scholar
HurY-, MBouchard, TJLykken, DTGenetic and environmental influence on morningness–eveningness. Person Individ Diff 1998;25:917–25.Google Scholar
Katzenberg, DYoung, TFinn, Let al. A CLOCK polymorphism associated with human diurnal preference. Sleep 1998;21(6):569–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sei, HOishi, KMorita, YIshida, NMouse model for morningness/eveningness. Neuroreport 2001;12:1461–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drennan, MDKlauber, MRKripke, DFGoyette, LMThe effects of depression and age on the Horne–Östberg morningness–eveningness score. J Affect Disord 1991;23:93–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chelminski, IFerraro, FRPetros, TVPlaud, JJAn analysis of the “eveningness–morningness” dimension in “depressive” college students. J Affect Disord 1999;52:19–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kripke, DFMullaney, DJAtkinson, MWolf, SCircadian rhythms disorders in manic-depressives. Biol Psychiatry 1978;13:335–51.Google ScholarPubMed
Leibenluft, ETurner, EHFeldman-Naim, SSchwartz, PJWehr, TARosenthal, NELight therapy in patients with rapid cycling bipolar disorders: preliminary results. Psychopharmacol Bull 1995;31:705–10.Google ScholarPubMed
Matthews, GMorningness–eveningness as a dimension of personality: trait, state and psychophysiological correlates. Eur J Pers 1988;2:277–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, GThe effects of anxiety on intellectual performance: when and why are they found? J Res Personality 1986;20:385–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rocklin, TNRevelle, WThe measurement of extraversion: a comparison of the Eysenck personality inventory and the Eysenck personality questionnaire. Br J Soc Psychol 1981;20:279–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Revelle, WHumphreys, MSSimon, LGilliland, KThe interactive effect of personality, time of day, and caffeine: a test of the arousal model. J Exper Psychol Gen 1980;109:1–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, AChess, STemperament and development. New York: Brunner/Mazel; 1977.Google Scholar
Cloninger, CRPrzybeck, TRSvrakic, DMWetzel, RDThe temperament and character inventory (TCI): a guide to its development and use. St Louis (MO): Washington University Center for the Psychobi-ology of Personality; 1994.Google Scholar
Pélissolo, ALépine, J-PNormative data and factor structure of the temperament and character inventory (TCI) in the French version. Psychiatr Res 2000;94:67–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caci, HNadalet, LStaccini, PMyquel, MBoyer, PPsychometric properties of the French version of the Composite Scale of Morning-ness in adults. Eur Psychiatry 1999;14:284–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caci, HNadalet, LStaccini, PMyquel, MBoyer, PThe Composite Scale of Morningness: further psychometric properties and temporal stability. Eur Psychiatry 2000;15:278–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alzani, ANatale, VUno strumento per la valutazione delle differenze individuali nei ritmi circadiani: une versione italiana della Composite Scale of Morningness. Testing Psicom Metodol 1998;5:19–31.Google Scholar
Pornpitakpan, CPsychometric properties of the composite scale of morningness: a shortened version. Person Individ Diff 1998;25:699–709.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caci, HRythmes biologiques, Impulsivité et Modèle. Université Paris 7 (France); 2003 Thèse pour le Doctorat d’État en Sciences Humaines et Cliniques.Google Scholar
Barrett, PFactor comparison: an examination of three methods. Person Individ Diff 1986;7:327–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spielberger, CDManual for the state-trait anxiety inventory (FormY) (“self-evaluation questionnaire”). Palo Alto (CA): Consulting Psychologists Press; 1983.Google Scholar
Spielberger, CDState-trait anxiety inventory: a comprehensive bibliography. Palo Alto (CA): Consulting Psychologists Press; 1989.Google Scholar
Gorsuch, RLFactor analysis. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1983.Google Scholar
Statacorp. Stata statistical software: release 7.0. College Station (TX): Stata Press; 2000.Google Scholar
Torsvall, LÅkerstedt, TA diurnal type scale. Construction, consistency and validation in shift work. Scand J Work Environ Health 1980;6:283–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chelminski, IPetros, TVPlaud, JJFerraro, FRPsychometric properties of the reduced Horne and Östberg questionnaire. Person Individ Diff 2000;29:469–78.Google Scholar
Folkard, SMonk, TLobban, MTowards a predictive test of adjustment to shift work. Ergonom 1979;22:79–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vink, JMGroot, ASKerkhof, GABoomsma, DIGenetic analysis of morningness and eveningness. Chronobiol Int 2001;18:809–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cloninger, CRAssessment of the Impulsive–Compulsive spectrum of behavior by the seven-factor model of temperament and character. In: Oldham, JMHollander, ESkodol, AEeditors. Impulsivity and com-pulsivity. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Press; 1996.Google Scholar
Dickman, SJFunctional and dysfunctional impulsivity: personality and cognitive correlates. J Pers Soc Psychol 1990;58:95–102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caci, HNadalet, LBaylé, FJRobert, PBoyer, PFunctional and dysfunctional impulsivity: a contribution to the construct validity. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2003;107:34–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moeller, FGBarratt, ESDougherty, DMSchmitz, JMSwann, ACPsychiatric aspects of impulsivity. Am J Psychiatry 2001;158:1783–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barratt, ESImpulsivity: integrating cognitive, behavioral, biological and environmental data. In: Mccown, WShure, Meditors. The impulsive client: theory, research, and treatment. Washington (DC): American Psychological Association; 1993.Google Scholar
Baylé, FBourdel, MCCaci, Het al.Structure factorielle de la traduction française de l’échelle d’impulsivité de Barratt (BIS-10). Can J Psychiatry 2000;45:156–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cofer, LFGrice, JWSethre- Hofstad, Let al.Developmental perspectives on morningness–eveningness and social interactions. Human Dev 1999;42:169–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chotai, JForsgren, TNilsson, LGAdolfsson, RSeason of birth variations in the Temperament and Character Inventory of personality in a general population. Neuropsychobiology 2001;44:19–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Natale, VAdan, ASeason of birth modulates morningness–evening-ness preference in humans. Neurosci Lett 1999;274:139–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayeda, ANurnberger, JI. JrMelatonin and circadian rhythms in bipolar mood disorder. In: Shafii, MShafii, SLeditors. Melatonin in psychiatric and neoplastic disorders. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Press Inc; 1998.Google Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.