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Phonemic fluency in post-ICU patients after severe COVID-19 infection: The role of cognitive reserve

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

X. Segú ,
M. Primé Tous ,
M. Sanchez ,
F. Valdesoiro ,
A. Rodriguez ,
I. Martín  and
A. Costas
X. Segú*
Affiliation:
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Department Of Psychiatry And Psychology, Barcelona, Spain
M. Primé Tous
Affiliation:
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Department Of Psychiatry And Psychology, Barcelona, Spain
M. Sanchez
Affiliation:
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Department Of Psychiatry And Psychology, Barcelona, Spain
F. Valdesoiro
Affiliation:
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Department Of Psychiatry And Psychology, Barcelona, Spain
A. Rodriguez
Affiliation:
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Department Of Psychiatry And Psychology, Barcelona, Spain
I. Martín
Affiliation:
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Department Of Psychiatry And Psychology, Barcelona, Spain
A. Costas
Affiliation:
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Department Of Psychiatry And Psychology, Barcelona, Spain
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Cognitive function may be impaired in COVID-19 patients, especially in executive functions such as phonemic fluency. Among risk factors, inflammation during hospitalization is related with worse cognitive performance in the long term. On the other side, it has been shown that cognitive reserve (CR) protects against cognitive impairment associated with brain damage, psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.

Objectives

Our aim is to study the protective role of cognitive reserve in phonemic fluency to inflammation after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods

We enrolled a cohort of 102 severe SARS-CoV-2 survivors after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) discharge and 58 agreed to participate in this 6-month follow-up study. Patients with previously known cognitive impairment were excluded. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. To assess the phonemic fluency, we used the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) controlling the effects of age and education. Inflammation was recorded according to the number of days with high CRP. ANCOVA analyses were used to test the effect of interaction between medical variables and cognitive reserve on phonemic fluency.

Results

The COVID-19 inflammation interacted with CR in phonemic fluency (F= 6.47, p= 0.01), with worse performance in patients with low CR (mean 16.7 (10.2-23.3)) than those with high CR (mean 37.7 (34.3-41.2)) in function of number of days with high PCR during ICU stay.

Conclusions

The role of the cognitive reserve is important to reduce the cognitive impairment related with COVID-19 inflammation in post-ICU patients.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

cognitive impairmentNeurological manifestationsCovid-19Cognitive reserve
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S376
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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