Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T18:11:30.459Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Premorbid sleep, appetite, energy, and cognitive circadian profile in patients with depressive disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

G. Bersani ,
D. Liberati ,
A. Rasa ,
E. Polli ,
M. Ciuffa ,
L. Limpido ,
D. Russo ,
D. Marconi  and
F. Pacitti
G. Bersani*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185Rome, Italy
D. Liberati
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185Rome, Italy
A. Rasa
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185Rome, Italy
E. Polli
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185Rome, Italy
M. Ciuffa
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185Rome, Italy
L. Limpido
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185Rome, Italy
D. Russo
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185Rome, Italy
D. Marconi
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatric Sciences and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Viale dell’Università 30, 00185Rome, Italy
F. Pacitti
Affiliation:
Department of Science of Health, University of L’Aquila, Italy
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +0039 064454765; fax: +0039 064454765. E-mail address: giuseppe.bersani@uniroma1.it (G. Bersani).
Get access

Abstract

Aim

Alterations of biological rhythms are well recognized to play a crucial role in the origin and maintenance of depression, but little is known about the profile of circadian rhythms at a premorbid age in adult depressed patients. The present study was aimed at investigating the association, if any, of depressive disorders with biological and behavioural rhythm modifications both at the time of observation and at an earlier age than the clinical onset of depression. The hypothesis was that such modifications could be an early biological index of vulnerability to the illness.

Subjects and methods

One hundred and seventy-eight patients affected by DSM-IV Major Depressive Disorder were examined/observed, compared to a group of 178 matched healthy subjects. All the included subjects were asked to fill in a retrospective questionnaire reporting time of awakening and falling asleep and time of subjective peaks of appetite, energy and cognitive function during “Adolescence” (12–15 years), “Youth” (16–20 years) and “Present condition” periods.

Results

An advance of awakening time by about 20 minutes during “Adolescence” was reported in the depressed subjects as compared to the controls. Awakening is also reported as significantly (P < 0.001) advanced by about 36 minutes during “Youth” in depressed patients, while time of falling asleep at the same age in the patients group shows 19 minutes delay. Regarding “Present condition” an advance of awakening time (33 minutes) in depressed patients was reported, in association with a delay of the subjective peak of cognitive functioning (62 minutes).

Discussion

Depressed patients show clear-cut differences in sleep pattern as compared to controls, consisting in a constant and significant advance of awakening time, while the time of sleep onset never reaches any statistical difference between the groups throughout ages.

Conclusions

The results are consistent with the hypothesis that early alterations of the general circadian profile can contribute to the onset of adult life Major Depressive Disorders.

Keywords

Biological rhythmCircadian rhythmDepressive disorders
Type
Depression
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 25 , Issue 8 , December 2010 , pp. 461 - 464
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed., Text revision (DSM-IV-TR) Washington, DC; 2000.Google Scholar
Armitage, RSleep and circadian rhythms in mood disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 2007; 433: 104–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Armitage, R, Hoffmann, R, Emslie, G, Rintelmann, J, Robert, JSleep microarchitecture in childhood and adolescent depression: temporal coherence. Clin EEG Neurosci 2006; 37: 1–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bhattacharjee, YPsychiatric research. Is internal timing key to mental health?. Science 2007; 317: 1488–1490.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cermakian, N, Boivin, BA molecular perspective of human circadian rhythm disorders. Brain Res Rev 2003; 42: 204–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chellappa, SL, Araújo, JFExcessive daytime sleepiness in patients with depressive disorder. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2006; 28: 126–129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ehlers, CL, Frank, E, Kupfer, DJSocial zeitgebers and biological rhythms. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988; 45: 948–952.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frank, E, Kupfer, DJ, Thase, ME, Mallinger, AG, Swartz, HA, Fagiolini, AMet al.Two-year outcomes for interpersonal and social rhythm therapy in individuals with bipolar I disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62: 996–1004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuchs, E, Simon, M, Schmelting, BPharmacology of a new antidepressant: benefit of the implication of the melatonergic system. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2006; 21: 17–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goetz, RR, Wolk, SI, Coplan, JD, Ryan, ND, Weissman, MMPremorbid polysomnographic signs in depressed adolescents: a reanalysis of EEG sleep after longitudinal follow-up in adulthood. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 49: 930–942.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grandin, LD, Alloy, LB, Abramson, LYThe social zeitgeber theory, circadian rhythms, and mood disorders: review and evaluation. Clin Psychol Rev 2006; 26: 679–694.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keller, J, Flores, B, Gomez, RG, Solvason, HB, Kenna, H, Williams, GHet al.Cortisol circadian rhythm alterations in psychotic major depression. Biol Psychiatry 2006; 60: 275–281.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Le Masurier, M, Cowen, PJ, Harmer, CJEmotional bias and waking salivary cortisol in relatives of patients with major depression. Psychol Med 2007; 37: 403–410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewy, AJ, Emens, J, Jackman, A, Yuhas, KCircadian uses of melatonin in humans. Chronobiol Int 2006; 23: 403–412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewy, AJ, Lefler, BJ, Emens, JS, Bauer, VKThe circadian basis of winter depression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 0103: 7414–7419.Google Scholar
Mathew, SJ, Coplan, JD, Goetz, RR, Feder, A, Greenwald, S, Dahl, REet al.Differentiating depressed adolescent 24 h cortisol secretion in light of their adult clinical outcome. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003; 28: 1336–1343.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McClung, CACircadian genes, rhythms and the biology of mood disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2007; 114: 222–232.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oquendo, MA, Parsey, RVWhat have we learned about the neurobiology of major depression?. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164: 540–542.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peeters, F, Berkhof, J, Delespaul, P, Rottenberg, J, Nicolson, NADiurnal mood variation in major depressive disorder. Emotion 2006; 6: 383–391.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Racagni, G, Riva, MA, Popoli, MThe interaction between the internal clock and antidepressant efficacy. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2007; 22: S9–S14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Refinetti, R, Menaker, MThe circadian rhythm of body temperature. Physiol Behav 1992; 51: 613–637.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rouillon, FEfficacy and tolerance profile of agomelatine and practical use in depressed patients. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2006; 21: 31–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schuppenies, A, Schwarz, P, Bornstein, SRSeasonal affective disorder and HPA axis disturbance. Horm Metab Res 2006; 38: 434.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Srinivasan, V, Smits, M, Spence, W, Lowe, AD, Kayumov, L, Pandi-Perumal, SRet al.Melatonin in mood disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry 2006; 7: 138–151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tan, ZL, Bao, AM, Zhao, GQ, Liu, YJ, Zhou, JNEffect of fluoxetine on circadian rhythm of melatonin in patients with major depressive disorder. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2007; 28: 28–32.Google ScholarPubMed
Wirz-Justice, ABiological rhythm disturbances in mood disorders. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2006; 21: S11–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.