Pseudoakathisia in a patient with clotiapine abuse: Report of a case

Abstract

Introduction

Objective symptoms of akathisia in the absence of subjective symptoms is known as pseudoakathisia, more often diagnosed in older patients with long-term antipsychotic treatment.

Objective

To describe a case of pseudoakathisia in a patient with clotiapine abuse.

Aims

Pseudoakathisia management.

Methods

X is a 47-year-old male with chronic insomnia treated with clotiapine 40 mg/day for four years. He admits abusive neuroleptic consumption in the past eight months (160 mg/day), without any psychiatric control for years. In recent months he has experienced different organic complications, requiring multiple hospitalizations. During psychiatric examinations due to confusional states, repeated lower limbs movements were objectified. X reported he presented these movements for at least six months, without complaints of inner restlessness feeling. Neurological examination showed normal DAT-SCAN result. Clinical progression was evaluated using BARS scale (Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale).

Results

Following the results of tests and statements of drug history, X was diagnosed with clotiapine-induced pseudoakathisia. Neuroleptic treatment was suspended, and clonazepam 6 mg/day and propranolol in ascending doses up to 80 mg/day were initiated. In subsequent evaluations, progressive decrease in movement intensity was observed. However, complete remission after four months from clotiapine suspension was not achieved.

Conclusions

Pseudoakathisia is a concept not well defined at this moment and different hypotheses about its nature are considered. It has been suggested that it is a form of delayed dyskinesia, or a clinical progression from akathisia, with acquired subjective discomfort tolerance. The most widely used treatment includes benzodiazepines, beta-blockers and anticholinergics, although their effectiveness is limited.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.