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Psychosocial adversity and the developing brain: Findings from the abcd study on 10,000 us children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

S. Frangou ,
A. Modabbernia ,
G. Doucet  and
D. Janiri
S. Frangou*
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
A. Modabbernia
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NEW YORK, United States of America
G. Doucet
Affiliation:
Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NEW YORK, United States of America
D. Janiri
Affiliation:
Ageing, Neurosciences, Head-neck And Orthopaedics Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
*
*Corresponding Author.

Abstract

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Background

Childhood exposure to social risk has the potential to disrupt brain development and increase vulnerability to adverse mental health outcomes. Here, we examine the effect of adversity on brain structure and psychopathology in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a US population-based sample of 10 year-olds.

Methods

Personal, caregiver, family and neighborhood characteristics were considered in 9299 unrelated children [age: mean (sd)=9.9 y (0.6); 53% males]. Hidden Markov Models were used identify clusters of participants based on their psychosocial exposure. The identified clusters were compared in terms of current psychopathology, lifetime psychiatric diagnosis, intelligence and brain structure.

Results

ABCD participants clustered in to a “disadvantaged” group (N=4205) with multiple adverse exposures, and an “enriched” group (N= 5094) with limited exposure to adversity and multiple protective factors. Compared to the enriched group, the disadvantaged group had higher levels of all types of psychopathology and lifetime psychiatric diagnoses; lower scores on fluid and crystallized intelligence; smaller subcortical volumes; thinner sensorimotor cortices and thicker cortex in frontal regions; smaller surface area in temporal regions and larger surface area in the posterior cingulate cortices (all p<0.05 following Bonferroni correction for multiple testing).

Conclusions

Social adversity has significant and wide-ranging consequences for brain development and psychopathology, that shows little specificity for types of symptoms.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

psychopathologyNeuroimaging
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S44
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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