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Screening social phobia in adolescents from general population: The validity of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) against a clinical interview

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

Klaus Ranta ,
Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino ,
Päivi Rantanen ,
Martti T. Tuomisto  and
Mauri Marttunen
Klaus Ranta*
Affiliation:
Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Finland Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Finland
Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino
Affiliation:
Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Finland Psychiatric Treatment and Research Unit for Adolescent Intensive Care (EVA), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
Päivi Rantanen
Affiliation:
Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Finland
Martti T. Tuomisto
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Tampere, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Finland
Mauri Marttunen
Affiliation:
Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital, Finland Peijas Hospital, Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland National Public Health Institute, Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, Helsinki, Finland
*
*Corresponding author. Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, FIN-20700 Turku, Finland. Tel.: +358 2 3131722; fax: +358 2 3133580. E-mail addresses:klaus.ranta@tyks.fi, klaus.ranta@ksshp.fi (K. Ranta), riittakerttu.kaltiala-heino@pshp.fi (R. Kaltiala-Heino), paivi.rantanen@pshp.fi (P. Rantanen), klmatu@uta.fi (M.T. Tuomisto), mauri.marttunen@ktl.fi (M. Marttunen).
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Abstract

Social phobia (SP) has onset during early adolescence, and is associated with significant impairment in social and educational functioning of adolescents. Therefore, valid and easy-to-use tools for screening and identification of SP among adolescent community populations are needed. We investigated both construct and discriminative validity, and screening properties of the 17-item Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) relative to SP diagnoses based on a semi-structured clinical interview (K-SADS-PL), in a sample of 752 12 to 17-year-old Finnish students from general population. The SPIN demonstrated good properties to differentiate adolescents with SP and those with sub-clinical SP symptoms (SSP), from adolescents without SP. The SPIN also differentiated adolescents with SP from those with depressive and disruptive disorders. In this sample 27% of participants scored above the previously suggested SPIN cut-off (15 points) for adolescent SP. We suggest using a somewhat higher cut-off score, 24 points, when using the SPIN as a screen for SP in general adolescent populations. This cut-off score resulted in a sensitivity of 81.2%, a specificity of 85.1%, a positive predictive value of 26.9%, and a negative predictive value of 98.6% in relation to the SP diagnosis in our sample. To screen for both SP and SSP, 19 points as a cut-off score produced satisfactory diagnostic efficiency statistics. The SPIN appears to have good properties for screening and identification of adolescent SP.

Keywords

Social anxiety disorderSensitivitySpecificityDiagnostic efficiencyAdolescentsSocial phobiaAdolescent psychiatryTests
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 22 , Issue 4 , May 2007 , pp. 244 - 251
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2007

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