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Structural alterations of the superior temporal gyrus in schizophrenia: Detailed subregional differences

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

K. Ohi ,
Y. Matsuda ,
T. Shimada ,
T. Yasuyama ,
K. Oshima ,
K. Sawai ,
H. Kihara ,
Y. Nitta ,
H. Okubo  and
T. Uehara
...Show all authors
K. Ohi*
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
Y. Matsuda*
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan Project Research Center, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
T. Shimada
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
T. Yasuyama
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
K. Oshima
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
K. Sawai
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
H. Kihara
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
Y. Nitta
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
H. Okubo
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
T. Uehara
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
Y. Kawasaki
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
*
* Corresponding author. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan. Tel.: +81 76 286 2211; fax: +81 76 286 3341. E-mail address:ohi@kanazawa-med.ac.jp (K. Ohi), E-mail address:yukiy2001@hotmail.com (Y. Matsuda).
* Corresponding author. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan. Tel.: +81 76 286 2211; fax: +81 76 286 3341. E-mail address:ohi@kanazawa-med.ac.jp (K. Ohi), E-mail address:yukiy2001@hotmail.com (Y. Matsuda).
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Abstract

Background

Reduced gray matter volumes in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) have been reported in patients with schizophrenia. Such volumetric abnormalities might denote alterations in cortical thickness, surface area, local gyrification or all of these factors. The STG can be anatomically divided into five subregions using automatic parcellation in FreeSurfer: lateral aspect of the STG, anterior transverse temporal gyrus of Heschl gyrus (HG), planum polare (PP) of the STG, planum temporale (PT) of the STG and transverse temporal sulcus.

Methods

We acquired magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 3T scans from 40 age- and sex-matched patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy subjects, and the scans were automatically processed using FreeSurfer. General linear models were used to assess group differences in regional volumes and detailed thickness, surface area and local gyrification.

Results

As expected, patients with schizophrenia had significantly smaller bilateral STG volumes than healthy subjects. Of the five subregions in the STG, patients with schizophrenia showed significantly and marginally reduced volumes in the lateral aspect of the STG and PT of the STG bilaterally compared with healthy subjects. The volumetric alteration in bilateral lateral STG was derived from both the cortical thickness and surface area but not local gyrification. There was no significant laterality of the alteration in the lateral STG between patients and controls and no correlation among the structures and clinical characteristics.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that of five anatomical subregions in the STG, the lateral STG is one of the most meaningful regions for brain pathophysiology in schizophrenia.

Keywords

MRI, magnetic resonance imagingROI, region of interestSE, standard errorSTG, superior temporal gyrusPT, planum temporaleHG, Heschl’s gyrusPP, planum polareSchizophreniaSuperior temporal gyrusVolumeThicknessSurface area
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 35 , May 2016 , pp. 25 - 31
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatry 2016

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