Although spiritual care is commonly regarded as a nursing task, in practice, it is often provided inadequately.

The purpose of this study was to examine relationship between attitude toward spirituality and the attitude and performance of spiritual care among nurses who working in hospitals of Iran university of medical sciences.

This was a correlative-descriptive study. Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS) and Nursing Spiritual Care Perspective Scale (NSCPS) were used to gather the data. A number of 166 nurses participated in this study.

Findings showed that of nurses’ spirituality attitude score was 4.98 ± 1.1 which indicated high attitude toward spirituality. The total average of nurses’ attitude about spiritual practices was 3.67 ± 0.51, which signified the positive attitude of nurses about spiritual practices. Findings revealed that positive spiritual attitude had a significant correlation with 6 out of 12 expressed spiritual interventions. In addition, spiritual attitude generally had a significant positive correlation with spiritual interventions. The positive spiritual attitude had a significant correlation with only 3 items out of 11 for the attitude toward spiritual practices. There was no correlation between spiritual attitude and the attitude toward spiritual practices.

In spite of the positive attitude, nurses did not perform half of the spiritual interventions which most of them were in line with fulfilling the patients’ religious needs. Establishment of in-service education program regarding spiritual care practice by role play and modeling methods are recommended.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Resilience is a dynamic, context- and time-specific process that refers to positive adaptation or ability to maintain or regain mental health despite experiencing adversity. Pathways to resilience include biological, psychological, social and dispositional attributes. In mood disorders, resilience may influence frequency of relapse, severity of episodes and response to treatment.

To evaluate resilience as well as personality features, coping abilities, self-esteem and quality of life in a sample of mood disorder patients.

We recruited mood disorder patients at the Psychiatry institute AOU Maggiore della Carità, Novara. Socio-demographic data were gathered and patients filled in the following self-administered scales: Resilience Scale for Adult (RSA), Brief Cope, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Paykel list of stressful events, Temperamental and Character Inventory (TCI), Quality of life (SF-36).

We collected data from 61 patients. Statistical analysis was performed by calculating the Pearson Correlation Coefficient between the RSA and the other tests. We observed a positive correlation between RSA and coping “Emotion” and coping “Problem”. A negative correlation was found between RSA and coping “Avoidance”. Resilience was also positively related to self-esteem and physical, mental and general health. As far as personality traits are concerned, resilience was positively correlated with Reward dependence, persistence, self transcendence, self directedness and cooperativeness.

Since higher resilience levels are related with better physical and mental health, constructive coping and self-esteem, strategies aimed at enhancing resilience could improve treatment and quality of life in patients with mood disorders.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

In recent years, numerous studies about the image of psychiatry have been conducted. However, to our knowledge, a significant part of psychiatry has been very little explored: the vision of psychiatric hospitals (PsH). For instance, “PsH” on google images reveals a long list of frightening pictures of ravaged places.

With such an image spread by the medias, we wanted to evaluate the vision of PsH and treatment modalities among general population in 2015, in 4 countries: France, Spain, England, and Brazil.

An online survey in 4 languages has been sent via facebook and emails. Two hundred and fifteen responses were collected during September 2015: 178 French, 11 Spanish, 17 Brazilians, 9 English.

Thirty-nine percent of participants consider PsH as a place of care, and 16% as an asylum. There were differences among countries: for example, asylum is more represented in France than Spain. Regarding patients admitted in PsH, they are not all dangerous (90%), nor all irresponsible (94%) and have specifics rights (66%). Concerning diseases: delirium, bipolar disorders, and perversity are to be treated in PsH, while depression, addiction, and autism are to be cured in psychiatric structures other than hospital. Moreover, 2% of participants believe abuses are common practice, whereas a majority consider therapeutic activities instead.

These results are quite different from the studies based on the perception of mental illness and patients. Here, on the overall, they are quite encouraging. So, PsH could lead the path on the improvement of the image of psychiatry.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Infertility is described as a low-control stressor that may induce psychopathological symptoms. The Mindfulness Based Program for Infertility (MBPI) is a structured intervention targeting infertile women that aims to cultivate mindfulness and acceptance skills. The MBPI efficacy was tested in 55 infertile women who completed the program and 37 women in a control group. By the end of the MBPI, women who attended the program revealed a significant decrease in depressive symptoms, internal and external shame, entrapment and defeat. Inversely, they showed significant improvement in mindfulness skills and self-efficacy to deal with infertility.

Determine the MBPI feasibility and acceptability.

The MBPI includes 10 weekly sessions, in a group format, with the duration of about 2 hours each. Participants’ recruitment was supported by the Portuguese Fertility Association. Fifty-five female participants with an infertility diagnosis who were pursuing medical treatment for infertility completed a questionnaire specifically developed to address the acceptability and satisfaction with the MBPI at the end of the 10th session.

Participants scored as “very useful” most of the MBPI components (mindfulness practice, acceptance skills, values clarification, psychoeducation on stress and fertility-related lifestyle factors), except for the yoga component. The same pattern was found for the utility information, group support, small group exercises, contact with the therapist, progress notes and MBPI materials. The mean score for satisfaction with the therapist knowledge/competence was 9.55 (maximum: 10), the MBPI quality 8.91 and the MBPI global utility 8.95.

The MBPI showed to be feasible and well accepted by participants.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Although there is an augmenting interest for the applications of classical music in psychiatry, traditional folk music is not properly highlighted in the literature.

In this paper, we examine the possible benefits that psychiatric patients who attend music therapy in psychiatric settings may have when traditional folk music and/or classical music are used in the process of rehabilitation.

A literature search of the electronic databases was performed to identify relevant studies published before June 2015.

A meta-analysis of the existing research revealed the positive influence of passive and active music listening on different groups of neurological and psychiatric patients’ anxiety, pain, tension and stress, and a series of cognitive and emotional changes that occur due to music interventions on patients and doctors alike. A general finding from the 700 diverse retrieved articles is that classical music has a positive influence on psychiatric patients. In contrast to that, there is scarce research for traditional music in psychiatric settings.

Music has a strong influence on psychiatric patients. Future research should focus on different questions such as how the knowledge of the varieties of the different types of (folk) music can enrich the music therapy in psychiatric settings.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The work describes a well-succeeded experience in the utilization of art therapy in a psychiatric clinic in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The clinic is concentrated on the treatment of diverse mental disorders, in special, the disorder due to the use of psychoactive substances.

To present new and creative therapeutic ways inside the hospital for the treatment of patients having diverse psychiatric disorders, especially disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances.

Demonstrate the decrease of resistance to the treatment under the hospital system, the strengthening of the therapeutic alliance, the appreciation of the therapeutic space and the well-being promotion during the treatment.

One hundred and twenty patients, in a clinic for psychiatric treatment, participated in this therapeutic project, which offered psychological treatment through artistic and creative processes, promoting the possibility of experiencing their recovery through the realization of a Carnival programming inside the therapeutic setting.

All patients showed good acceptance to the workshops and participated in the presentations. Over the workshops, the patients also received therapeutic approaches and worked personal difficulties, which came up along the therapeutic process.

Through the project development, the patients showed excellent investment and appreciation of the alliance and therapeutic space, demonstrating the great potential of the psychological treatment, through the creative processes of art therapy.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Positive and organizational psychology can offer an important contribution to strengthen human virtues that protects intra- and interpersonal functioning, which, in turn, might enhance worker's well-being and the success of organizations.

To study the associations between a psychological construct, self-compassion, and some organizational constructs, organizational commitment and organizational virtuosity and to explore differences in each construct by gender, age, working time (in the organization), type of employment bond and professional group.

Positive actions inside organizations promote positive emotional states.

One hundred and thirty workers from local administration (men, n = 78; 60%; age, M = 44,22; SD = 8,67; range = 19-63 years old) filled in the Self-Compassion Scale, the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, the Organizational Virtuosity Questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales.

There was a positive association between organizational commitment and organizational virtuosity. Optimism and integrity (organizational virtuosity dimensions) positively correlated with the self-criticism dimension and with self-compassion total score. Some dimensions of mental health (depression and stress) were negatively associated with organizational virtuosity. Employees with less education, belonging to a professional group less qualified or with an unfavourable employment bond perceived the organization as less virtuous, and were less committed.

Promoting positive actions inside organizations seem to encourage positive emotional states in individuals. The development of a compassionate capacity, by self-compassion and mindfulness, humanize both individuals and organizations. These workers, with their leaders, can promote affective and normatively committed workforces, presenting positive perceptions about organizational virtues.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The use of drugs to improve cognitive performance (pharmacological enhancement) is a practice that increases in frequency, especially in individuals with a high degree of academic education, university students, and workforce with high responsibilities. Legal substances such as alcohol and caffeine, prescription drugs such as modafinil or methylphenidate and some illegal drugs such as amphetamines or cannabis are utilized to improve cognitive performance, maintain wakefulness, or induce sleep. Perception of risk is low in many cases. Internet has facilitated the illicit access to prescription drugs with astonishing ease.

We want to exemplify through a clinical case, how the access to some of these substances through internet is very easy, and how, in this case, the use of Modafinil (drug indicated for narcolepsy) with the objective of maintaining academic performance aggravates symptoms of anxiety in a 22-year universitary patient.

Exposition of clinical case in the poster.

The use of substances (“smart drugs”) presents risks for both physical and psychological health that sometimes are not perceived by the user. It is surprising that a highly educated individual has taken Modafinil without researching for a deep understanding of the side effects of the drug.

Internet access of regulated substances that should only be prescribed by a physician to be used on very concrete symptoms is extremely easy. In the case of the Modafinil, it is possible to access its purchase by simply searching the words “purchase/buy Modafinil” in any internet browser.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Stigma towards mental illness has a major impact on the quality of life and the health care of psychiatric patients. Several studies have reported that health professionals have more negative attitudes than general population.

To explore empathy and attitudes towards mental illness in nursing students (NS) and non-health university students. Our purpose is to see how NS have more empathic and less stigmatizing attitudes towards psychiatric patients, compared to other university students.

We tested 96 university students (50 NS and 46 non-health university students), with the following questionnaires anonymously filled out:

– Community attitudes towards mental ill (CAMI), to evaluate the different students’ attitudes towards mental illness;

– Empathy quotient (EQ), to assess empathy.

NS differs from the other group in 5 items of CAMI (P < 0.05 in 3 items and P < 0.01 in 2 items), and Authoritarianism subscale (P = 0.023). This shows that NS have a greater general awareness and less stigmatizing attitudes about the need to hospitalize the mentally ill, the difference between psychiatric patients and general population, the wrong need of segregation and the real causes of mental illness. There is also a significant difference in EQ (items 6, 21, 25, 44, 59): future nurses seem to have a slightly higher empathy, even though the EQ total score does not differ in the two groups.

These results suggest that there is a difference with respect to the attitudes towards psychiatric patients in NS and students who do not follow health-care courses: NS have more empathetic and less stigmatizing attitudes.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychiatric patients often do not receive the same health treatment reserved for patients with no mental disorders. Stigma in mental-health nurses can worsen the patients’ healing time and quality of care.

To explore the different attitudes towards mental illness and psychiatry in nursing students (NS) of the first and the final year of university, and the importance of having visited a psychiatric ward and having known a psychiatric patient.

Fifty NS completed the following tests:

– Community attitudes towards mental ill (CAMI);

– Attitudes towards psychiatry (ATP-30);

– Empathy quotient (EQ).

NS of the final year differ significantly from those of the first year in 4 CAMI items, in Authoritarianism subscale (P = 0.041), Social Restrictiveness (P = 0.029) and Community Mental Health Ideology (P = 0.045), indicating a more mature and responsible approach to psychiatric patients, without considering them a threat to be secluded. EQ does not show a significant difference in empathy, not even considering the individual items. Final year NS also have more positive attitudes toward Psychiatry in 3 ATP-30 items and total score (P = 0.01). Those who visited a psychiatric ward have more positive attitudes towards mental illness and Psychiatry, in 6 CAMI items and 3 ATP-30 items. Having personally known a psychiatric patient leads to positive attitudes in only a few CAMI items.

Last-year NS, who have had more direct relationships with patients through practical training, have more empathetic and less stigmatizing attitudes. It is also very useful to attend a psychiatric ward during the nursing training.

Normal 0 14 false false false IT X-NONE X-NONE.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Headucate is a pioneering student-led society at the University of East Anglia (UEA), founded in 2012. Mental health stigma exists widely and is a well-known barrier to accessing support. This presents a need for education and raising awareness about mental illness.

The goal is to spread mental health awareness locally, measured by school outreach and events organised. This is achievable through Headucate's collaboration with the university and schools to convey the message each year.

Headucate aims to raise mental health awareness and tackle stigma, with the intention of reaching the university, schools locally and communities nationally.

Headucate delivers workshops for secondary schools. This involves interactive sessions to stimulate discussions about mental health and illness, and where to find help. Additionally, there are university-held talks from a variety of guest speakers who are experts in this field.

It has expanded beyond medical students to involve the whole university, with a shared interest in mental health awareness. Research conducted by Headucate in 2014-2015 has indicated there is a statistically significant (P < 0.001) increase in the knowledge about mental illness and knowing where to get help following school workshops.

The success has transformed from starting as an idea into one of UEA's largest student societies which will continue to expand. Future goals include a mental health awareness campaign and collaborating with student groups at the university, to host events that link mental health to other causes. Furthermore, Headucate is hoping to expand outreach to the elderly community.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Various socio-demographic variables have been shown to influence attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help (ATSPPH), while negative ATSPPH can act as a barrier to mental healthcare, resulting in under-utilization of psychological services.

To explore the factor structure of the ATSPPH scale and determine whether any significant socio-demographic differences exist in relation to ATSPPH among a nationally representative sample.

Data was extracted from a population-based, cross-sectional survey conducted between March 2014 and March 2015 among Singapore Residents aged 18-65 years (n = 3006). Respondents completed the 10-item ATSPPH scale and also provided socio-demographic information. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to establish the factor structure of the ATSPPH scale. Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to examine socio-demographic factors associated with ATSPPH.

EFA revealed that the ATSPPH scale formed three distinct dimensions comprising “Openness to seeking professional help”, “Value in seeking professional help” and “Preference to cope on your own”. Higher “Openness to seeking professional help” scores were significantly associated with 18-34-year-olds and unmarried respondents, whilst Malay ethnicity and lower education were significantly associated with lower openness scores. Malays, Indians and lower education were significantly associated with lower “Value in seeking professional help” scores, whereas higher “Preference to cope on your own” scores were significantly associated with lower education.

Population subgroups including those with lower educational levels and different ethnic groups have more negative ATSPPH. Tailored, culturally appropriate educational interventions which reduce negative ATSPPH are needed, which effectively target these populations.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

In psychotherapeutic clinic, patients without visible marks of acne report this experience with great emotional charge, even when it occurred many years before.

This observation arose the interest in investigating the psychological impact of acne, which led us to find out what acneic subjects think of their disease, how they deal with it and, simultaneously, evaluate the beliefs of dermatologists on it. The present work is part of an investigation whose aim is to develop a program for the promotion of skills to deal with acne and its effects.

The inventory of beliefs, behaviours and treatment of acne – ICA – was developed through the content analysis of non-structured interviews to health care professionals and to patients with acne and/or who had it. This inventory was applied to a convenience sample (n = 367), to a university sample (n = 1666) and to a sample of 95 dermatologists – the 16 questions related to the beliefs on acne.

We found general agreement with some statements. Most respondents agree with a group of statements, though opinions are divided. Most respondents “disagree” or “disagree more than agree” with “…ingestion of chocolates or dairy products would cause acne”. Finally, there is no consensus about “…caused by the combination of psychological and hormonal factors”.

Further studies are needed, on the impact of acne in patient's quality of life. We also found great interest of promoting a close collaboration between dermatologists and psychology.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The ability to solve problems and make decisions creatively has become paramount to new nursing graduates, as these skills assist them with recognizing and evaluating situations that require prompt attention. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare nursing student's perceived levels of own problem solving skills in various years of their 4-year program.

This is a cross-sectional study. Three hundred and twenty-two undergraduate nursing students in BSc nursing program participated in this study. The study setting was nursing School of Iran university of medical sciences. The Problem solving inventory (PSI) was used to data gathering. The scale was divided into three subscales including: problem-solving confidence (PSC), approaching avoidance style (AAS), and personal control (SC). Students involved in the study signed the study Informed consent.

Findings showed that the mean score of total problem solving skill was 89.52 ± 21.58. The mean score of the 4th year students in PSI was less than other year students (84.18 ± 27.47 vs 89.13 ± 18.71, 91.57 ± 21.87, and 91.52 ± 20.8). This study finding revealed that 4th year students in 3 factors of problem solving (PSC, AAS, PC) considered themselves more successful than others. Meanwhile, when the results are compared according, no significant differences occurred among the student in different years (F: 1.46, P ≤ 0.22).

Educating should help students to reach the desired levels of problem solving skills by allowing them to acquire and practice these abilities in the field. Nursing students with advanced problem solving skills will be essential for this changing society.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Mental health stigma is a multidimensional concept that encompasses many different themes and definitions. Public stigma is defined as the degree to which the general public holds negative views and discriminates against a specific group.

To understand the context and correlates of stigma in multi-ethnic Singapore.

The current study aimed to (i) explore the factor structure of the Depression Stigma Scale and the Social Distance Scale using an exploratory structural equation modelling approach and (ii) examine the correlates of the identified dimensions of stigma in the general population of Singapore.

Data for the current study came from a larger nation-wide cross-sectional study of mental health literacy conducted in Singapore. All respondents were administered the Personal and Perceived scales of the Depression Stigma Scale and the Social Distance scale to measure personal stigma and social distance respectively.

The findings from the factor analysis revealed that personal stigma formed two distinct dimensions comprising “Weak-not-Sick” and “Dangerous/Unpredictable” components while social distance stigma items loaded strongly into a single factor. Those of Malay and Indian ethnicity, lower education, lower income status and those who were administered the depression and alcohol abuse vignette were significantly associated with higher weak-not-sick scores. Those of Indian ethnicity, 6 years of education and below, lower income status and those who were administered the alcohol abuse vignette were significantly associated with higher dangerous/unpredictable scores.

There is a need for well-planned and culturally relevant anti-stigma campaigns in this population.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The duration of hospitalization is related to many well-documented factors in literature. However, little is known about psychiatric patients and psychiatric service delivery in non-Western developing countries. It is supposed that major contributing factors in discharge are remission rates and functional levels. Therefore, this naturalistic preliminary study aimed at analyzing and describing the hospitalization duration and remission rates of a psychiatric population treated in the mental health inpatient facility.

A total of 88 male patients, who were hospitalized in a psychiatry clinic were included in the study. They were evaluated at admission and before discharge using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Clinic Global Impression Scale (CGI). Other variables, including length of stay, number of previous admissions, demographic characteristics, and diagnosis were also assessed.

Mean of the total scores on BPRS were declined from 24.95 to 13, and the mean CGI scores were declined from 3.85 to 2.04 during hospitalization period. Mean length of hospitalization was 7.91 days.

Our study shows that patients are discharged from the hospital with approximately 50% decrease in symptom severity. Such research can contribute to understand better, the needs of psychiatric patients, and help to develop continuously improved service delivery and optimize therapeutic options.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Given the emphasis on inclusion of well-being interventions in the treatment and rehabilitation of individuals with mental disorders, it is important to understand the level and determinants of positive mental health (PMH) among them.

To conduct a cross-sectional study among patients with schizophrenia, depression and anxiety spectrum disorders to estimate PMH.

(i) To estimate the level of PMH among patients with mental disorders and compare these with the established general population estimates; (ii) to identify socio-demographic and clinical determinants of PMH.

Following ethics approval, 353 patients aged 21-65 years, receiving treatment at a psychiatric hospital in Singapore for schizophrenia, depression or anxiety spectrum disorders were included. Patients provided socio-demographic information and completed the multidimensional PMH instrument that provides total and domain-specific scores ranging from 1 to 6; higher scores indicate better PMH. Functioning was assessed with the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and clinical data were obtained from administrative databases.

Sample comprised 142, 139 and 72 patients with schizophrenia, depression and anxiety spectrum disorders respectively, with a mean age of 39.2 years. Mean total PMH scores among them were 4.2, 3.7 and 3.8 respectively which were significantly lower than the general population mean of 4.5 (P < 0.001). Patients of Chinese ethnicity, with lower education, depression or anxiety, and lower GAF scores were more likely to have lower PMH.

This study identified patient subgroups that are likely to have poorer PMH. Interventions facilitating PMH among these patient groups would be beneficial and are needed.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

To consider a phenomenon of destigmatization of mentally ill persons on the example of the analysis of screening-questioning in mental health service.

Randomized screening-questioning of participants of Open Doors Day in the clinics of Mental Health Research Institute (Tomsk, Russia) in connection with World Mental Health Day in October, 2015.

One hundred and forty-six residents of Tomsk and inhabitants of the Tomsk Region as well as other cities visited Mental Health Research Institute. 76,5% of them visited mental health service for the first time. More than a half of visitors (51%) was the most able-bodied age group – 20-50 years old; elderly people – 20%. According to many-year observation of authors of the work, there is a gradual destigmatization of people with mental health problems. Process of destigmatization will develop further, and mass media should also be engaged in it. One more moment should be emphasized – reduction of self-stigmatization. Though people do not still aim to seek for psychiatric help at the appropriate institutions (they prefer to visit the psychiatrist of the catchment area policlinic), they after all started recognizing presence of the problem, understanding the need of its overcoming, and possibility of its correction.

The attitude of society towards people with mental health problems and towards psychiatry reasonably changes, and this promotes further development in the field of help to patients and their relatives.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

We have developed a group of school-based universal prevention programs for children's health and adjustment. The programs are characterized by new theories such as the somatic-marker hypothesis and enjoyable methods that utilize animated stories and games. This study adopted one of the programs for the development of self-confidence.

The aim was to examine the effectiveness of the program. In addition to the direct purposes of the program, children's adjustments at school and homeroom class were evaluated as extended effects.

Participants were third grade children in six public elementary schools in Japan. The final sample included 442 children (219 boys and 223 girls). The program was implemented weekly in one regular 45-minute class over 8 weeks. Participants completed a battery of three questionnaires three times, 1 month before the start of the program (T1), 1 week before the start of the program (T2), and during 1 week after the last class of the program (T3).

Results showed that all of the main endpoints of the program significantly improved in the intervention condition (i.e., changes from T2 to T3), compared to the control condition (i.e., changes from T1 to T2). Moreover, children's adjustment at school and homeroom class increased in the intervention condition, compared to the control condition. However, implicit affect was unchanged.

This study suggests that the program is effective for enhancing self-confidence, along with adjustments at school and in class. Future research that examines the sustainability of the effectiveness of the program is planned.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.