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EFFECTS OF FERTILIZATION ON POREWATER NUTRIENTS, GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS AND RICE PRODUCTIVITY IN A SUBTROPICAL PADDY FIELD

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2018

WEIQI WANG ,
JORDI SARDANS ,
CHUN WANG ,
CHUAN TONG ,
QINYANG JI  and
JOSEP PEÑUELAS
WEIQI WANG*
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
JORDI SARDANS*
Affiliation:
CSIC, Global Ecology CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
CHUN WANG
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
CHUAN TONG
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
QINYANG JI
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
JOSEP PEÑUELAS
Affiliation:
CSIC, Global Ecology CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
*
§Corresponding author. Email: wangweiqi15@163.com
§Corresponding author. Email: wangweiqi15@163.com
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Summary

Suitable fertilization is crucial for the sustainability of rice production and for the potential mitigation of global warming. The effects of fertilization on porewater nutrients and greenhouse-gas fluxes in cropland, however, remain poorly known. We studied the effects of no fertilization (control), standard fertilization and double fertilization on the concentrations of porewater nutrients, greenhouse-gas fluxes and emissions, and rice yield in a subtropical paddy in southeastern China. Double fertilization increased dissolved NH4+ in porewater. Mean CO2 and CH4 emissions were 13.5% and 7.4%, and 20.4% and 39.5% higher for the standard and double fertilizations, respectively, than the control. N2O depositions in soils were 61% and 101% higher for the standard and double fertilizations, respectively, than the control. The total global warming potentials (GWPs) for all emissions were 14.1% and 10.8% higher for the standard and double fertilizations, respectively than the control, with increasing contribution of CH4 with fertilization and a CO2 contribution > 85%. The total GWPs per unit yield were significantly higher for the standard and double fertilizations than the control by 7.3% and 10.9%, respectively. The two levels of fertilization did not significantly increase rice yield. Prior long-term fertilization in the paddy (about 20 years with annual doses of 95 kg N ha−1, 70 kg P2O5 ha−1 and 70 kg K2O ha−1) might have prevented these fertilizations from increasing the yield. However, fertilizations increased greenhouse-gas emissions. This situation is common in paddy fields in subtropical China, suggesting a saturation of soil nutrients and the necessity to review current fertilization management. These areas likely suffer from unnecessary nutrient leaching and excessive greenhouse-gas emissions. These results provide a scientific basis for continued research to identify an easy and optimal fertilization management solution.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 55 , Issue 3 , June 2019 , pp. 395 - 411
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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