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SIXTY YEARS OF BREEDING IN CAMEROON IMPROVED FIBRE BUT NOT SEED COTTON YIELD

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 May 2016

ROMAIN LOISON ,
ALAIN AUDEBERT ,
JEAN-LOUIS CHOPART ,
PHILIPPE DEBAEKE ,
DOMINIQUE DESSAUW ,
JEAN-PAUL GOURLOT ,
ERIC GOZÉ ,
JANINE JEAN  and
EDWARD GÉRARDEAUX
ROMAIN LOISON*
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR AÏDA, F-34398, Montpellier, France
ALAIN AUDEBERT
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
JEAN-LOUIS CHOPART
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR AÏDA, F-34398, Montpellier, France CIRAD, UPR AÏDA, F-97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
PHILIPPE DEBAEKE
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR AGIR, CS 52627, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
DOMINIQUE DESSAUW
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, F-34398, Montpellier, France
JEAN-PAUL GOURLOT
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR AÏDA, F-34398, Montpellier, France
ERIC GOZÉ
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR AÏDA, F-34398, Montpellier, France
JANINE JEAN
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR AÏDA, F-34398, Montpellier, France
EDWARD GÉRARDEAUX
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR AÏDA, F-34398, Montpellier, France
*
†Corresponding author. Email: romain.loison@cirad.fr
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Summary

Seed cotton yield in Northern Cameroon has been declining since the 80s despite breeding efforts. In order to evaluate the impact of genetic improvement on this decline, we conducted field experiments in two locations with 10 widely grown cotton cultivars released in Cameroon between 1950 and 2009. The rate of genetic gain (GG) was estimated with a linear regression of the cultivar mean on its year of release (YR). Contrasts between rates of GG observed with different planting dates were estimated and tested. Our results revealed a rate of GG on fibre yield of 3.3 kg ha−1 year−1 due to increased ginning out-turn (3.9% and 6.2% in 60 years in Garoua and Maroua, respectively). There was no GG on leaf area index (LAI), radiation use efficiency (RUE), aerial biomass, harvest index and on seed cotton yield. We concluded that cotton breeding efforts in Cameroon have successfully improved cotton fibre yield but there is still some room for seed cotton yield improvement.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 53 , Issue 2 , April 2017 , pp. 202 - 209
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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