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Polar Lippia extracts as alternatives for the postharvest control of Guazatine®-resistant strains of Penicillium digitatum in citrus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2009

Emmanuel Shikanga ,
Thierry Regnier ,
Sandra Combrinck  and
Ben Botha
Emmanuel Shikanga
Affiliation:
Dep. Chem., Fac. Sci., Tshwane Univ. Technol., PO Box 56208, Arcadia Pretoria 0001, Repub. S. Afr.
Thierry Regnier
Affiliation:
Dep. Chem., Fac. Sci., Tshwane Univ. Technol., PO Box 56208, Arcadia Pretoria 0001, Repub. S. Afr.
Sandra Combrinck
Affiliation:
Dep. Chem., Fac. Sci., Tshwane Univ. Technol., PO Box 56208, Arcadia Pretoria 0001, Repub. S. Afr.
Ben Botha
Affiliation:
Dep. Chem., Fac. Sci., Tshwane Univ. Technol., PO Box 56208, Arcadia Pretoria 0001, Repub. S. Afr.
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Abstract

Introduction. Penicillium digitatum is a commercially important postharvest pathogen of citrus that is responsible for significant annual global losses. Strains of the fungus, which exhibit strong resistance to widely used synthetic fungicides, are of major concern to the industry. The aim of the study was to investigate the antifungal activities of polar extracts and compounds from Lippia species, indigenous to South Africa, against a Guazatine®-resistant strain of P. digitatum.Materials and methods. In vitro tests were done by incorporating the compounds and plant extracts into Malt Extract Agar at concentrations ranging from (0.2 to 1.0) mg·mL–1. An in vivo (curative) assay was conducted using the checkerboard technique on ‘Valencia’ oranges. Results and discussion. A strong correlation between the in vitro and in vivo results was observed. All the compounds and extracts were able to inhibit fungal growth at concentrations above 0.6 mg·mL–1. Verbascoside was the most active compound, while extracts of Lippia javanica and Lippia rehmannii caused significant inhibition of mycelial growth. The observed activity was largely ascribed to the presence of verbascoside in the plant extracts. Conclusion. Polar extracts of Lippia species have potential as environmentally friendly alternatives for the control of P. digitatum on citrus.

Keywords

South AfricaCitrusPenicillium digitatumdisease controlpostharvest controlbiological controlLippiaplant extractsAfrique du SudCitrusPenicillium digitatumcontrôle de maladieslutte après récoltelutte biologiqueLippiaextrait d'origine végétale
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 64 , Issue 2 , March 2009 , pp. 75 - 82
Copyright
© CIRAD, EDP Sciences, 2009

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