Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T14:37:00.813Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Calcium induces salinity tolerance in pistachio rootstocks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2008

Vahid Tavallali ,
Majid Rahemi  and
Bahman Panahi
Vahid Tavallali
Affiliation:
Horticultural Science Department, Agric. Fac., Univ. Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
Majid Rahemi
Affiliation:
Horticultural Science Department, Agric. Fac., Univ. Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
Bahman Panahi
Affiliation:
Horticultural Science Department, Agric. Fac., Univ. Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
Get access

Abstract

Introduction. Saline soils may exert a different effect on seed germination and seedling growth. Materials and methods. The seeds of two rootstocks of pistachio (Pistacia vera), Ghazvini and Badami-e-zarand, were incubated at 20 °C in the dark in a 150 mM NaCl solution or in 150 mM NaCl solutions amended with (50, 100 and 150) mM CaSO4. Seeds were planted in pots containing a mixture of garden soil, sand and compost (1/3 v/v) to investigate the effect of calcium sulphate on plants grown under salt stress. Irrigation water treatments were control (deionised water alone); salinity stress (150 mM NaCl); salinity with 50 mM CaSO4; salinity with 100 mM CaSO4; and salinity with 150 mM CaSO4. Results and discussion. In all treatments, both the final germination percentage and the final percentage of seeds with emerging seedlings longer than 20 mm were higher in the Ghazvini rootstock than in the Badami-e-zarand rootstock. Both the final germination percentage and the final percentage of seeds with emerging seedlings were significantly increased with increasing CaSO4 concentration, except at the highest CaSO4 concentration. The plants grown under 150 mM NaCl produced less dry matter and had lower chlorophyll content than those grown without NaCl. Supplementary CaSO4 only at (50 and 100) mM concentrations ameliorated the negative effects of salinity on plant dry matter and chlorophyll content. Sodium (Na) concentration in plant tissues increased in both leaves and roots of plants under the NaCl treatment alone. The Ghazvini rootstock had much lower Na. Additions of CaSO4 significantly lowered the concentration of Na in both leaves and roots. The Ghazvini rootstock was more tolerant to salinity than the Badami-e-zarand rootstock. The accumulation of Na in leaves and roots indicates a possible mechanism whereby cv. Ghazvini copes with salinity in the rooting medium, and/or may indicate the existence of an inhibition mechanism of Na transport to leaves. Concentrations of Ca and K were lower in the plants grown at high NaCl concentration than in those under the control treatment, and, for the cv. Ghazvini, these two element's concentrations were increased in both leaves and roots for the plants with calcium sulphate treatment; for the cv. Badami-e-zarand, these concentrations were increased in only the roots.

Keywords

Iran Islamic RepublicPistacia veragerminationgrowthosmotic stresssaline watercalcium sulphatesalt toleranceIran République islamiquePistacia veragerminationcroissancestress osmotiqueeau salinesulfate de calciumtolérance au sel
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 63 , Issue 5 , September 2008 , pp. 285 - 296
Copyright
© CIRAD, EDP Sciences, 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Grattan, S.R., Grieve, C.M., Salinity-mineral nutrient relations in horticultural crops, Sci. Hortic. 78 (1999) 127–157. CrossRef
Greenway, H., Munns, R., Mechanisms of salt tolerance in nonhalophytes, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 31 (1980) 149–190. CrossRef
Marschner H., Mineral nutrition of higher plants, Acad. Press, London, UK, 1995.
Hardegree, S.P., Emmerich, W.E., Partitioning water potential and specific salt effects on seed germination of four grasses, Ann. Bot. 66 (1990) 587–595. CrossRef
Tobe, K., Li, X., Omasa, K., Effects of sodium, magnesium and calcium salts on seed germination and radicle survival of a halophyte, Kalidium capsicum (Chenopodiaceae), Aust. J. Bot. 50 (2002) 163–169. CrossRef
Shannon M.C., Breeding, selection, and the genetics of salt tolerance, in: Staples R.C. (Ed.), Salinity tolerance in plants: strategies for crop improvement, Wiley, New York, USA, 1984, pp. 231–254.
Bliss, R.D., Platt-Aloia, K.A., Thomson, W.W., The inhibitory effect of NaCl on barley germination, Plant Cell Environ. 9 (1986) 727–733. CrossRef
LaHaye, P.A., Epstein, E., Salt toleration by plants: enhancement with calcium, Sci. 166 (1969) 395–396. CrossRef
Cramer, G.R., Lauchli, A., Polito, V.S., Displacement of Ca2+ by Na+ from the plasmalemma of root cells. A primary response to salt stress? Plant Physiol. 79 (1985) 207–211. CrossRef
Cramer G.R., Sodium–calcium interactions under salinity stress, in: Lauchli A., Lüttge U. (Eds.), Salinity: environment – plants – molecules, Klüwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, Holl., 2002, pp. 205–227.
Allen, G.J., Wyn Jones, R.G., Leigh, R.A., Sodium transport measured in plasma membrane vesicles isolated from wheat genotypes with differing K+/Na+ discrimination traits, Plant Cell Environ. 18 (1995) 105–115. CrossRef
Nabil, M., Coudret, A., Effects of sodium chloride on growth, tissue elasticity and solute adjustment in two Acacia nilotica subspecies, Physiol. Plantarum 93 (1995) 217–224. CrossRef
Azaizeh, H., Gunse, B., Steudle, E., Effects of NaCl and CaCl2 on water transport across root cells of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings, J. Plant Physiol. 99 (1992) 886–894. CrossRef
Cramer, G.R., Kinetics of maize leaf elongation. 2. Response of a Na-excluding cultivar and a Na-including cultivar to varying Na/Ca salinities, J. Exp. Bot. 43 (1992) 857–864. CrossRef
Busch, D.S., Calcium regulation in plant cell and its role in signaling, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 46 (1995) 95–122. CrossRef
Hasegawa, P., Bressan, R.A., Zhu, J. K., Bohnert, H.J., Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity, Annu. Rev. Plant Mol. Biol. 51 (2000) 463–499. CrossRef
Alkhani H., Ghorbani M., A contribution to the halophytic vegetation and flora of Iran, in: Lieth H., Al Massoum A. (Eds.), Towards the rational use of high salinity tolerance plants, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, Neth., vol. 1, 1992, pp. 35–44.
Behboudian, M.H., Walker, R.R., Torokfaivy, E., Effects of water stress and salinity on photosynthesis of pistachio, Sci. Hortic. 29 (1986) 251–261. CrossRef
Picchioni, G.A., Miyamota, S., Salt effects on growth and ion uptake of pistachio rootstock seedlings, J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 115 (1990) 647–653.
Ferguson, L., Poss, J.A., Grattan, S.R., Grieve, C.M., Wang, D., Wilson, C., Donovan Chao, C.T., Pistachio rootstocks influence scion growth and ion relations under salinity and boron stress, J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 127 (2002) 194–199.
Strain H.H., Svec W.A., Extraction, separation, estimation and isolation of chlorophylls, in: Vernon L.P., Seely G.R. (Eds.),The chlorophylls, Acad. Press, New York, USA, 1996, 21–66.
Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M., Bouharmont, J., NaCl-induced senescence in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinity resistance, Ann. Bot. 78 (1996) 389–398. CrossRef
Yamasaki, S., Dillenburg, L.C., Measurments of leaf relative water content in Araucaria angustifolia, Rev. Bras. Fisiol. Veg. 11 (1999) 69–75.
Chapman H.D., Pratt P.F., Methods of plant analysis, in: Chapman H.D., Pratt P.F. (Eds.), Methods of analysis for soils, plants and water, Acad. Press, Riverside, CA, USA, 1982, pp. 60–193.
Anon., STAT User’s Guide, Version 6.11, Vol. 1., Stat. Anal. Syst. Inst., Cary, NC, USA, 1996.
Tyerman, S.D., Skerrett, I.M., Root ion channels and salinity, Sci. Hortic. 78 (1999) 175–235. CrossRef
Tufariello, J.A.M., Hoffmann, R., Bisson, M.A., The effect of divalent cations on Na+ tolerance in charophytes. II. Chara coralline, Plant Cell Environ. 11 (1988) 473–479. CrossRef
Roberts, S.K., Tester, M., Permeation of Ca2+ and monovalent cations through an outwardly rectifying channel in maize root stelar cells, J. Exp. Bot. 48 (1997) 839–846. CrossRef
Tyerman, S.D., Skerrett, I.M., Garrill, A., Findlay, G.P., Leigh, R.A., Pathways for the permeation of Na+ and Cl– into protoplasts derived from the cortex of wheat roots, J. Exp. Bot. 48 (1997) 459–480. CrossRef
Hoffmann, R., Tufariello, J., Bisson, M.A., Effect of divalent cations on Na+ permeability of Chara coralline and freshwater grown Chara buckellii, J. Exp. Bot. 40 (1989) 875–881. CrossRef
Srivastava, T.P., Gupta, S.C., Lal, P., Muralia, P.N., Kumar, A., Effect of salt stress on physiological and biochemical parameters of wheat, Ann. Arid Zone 27 (1998) 197–204.
Giriji C., Smith B.N., Swamy P.M., Interactive effects of sodium chloride and calcium chloride on the accumulation of praline and glycine betaine in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), Environ. Exp. Bot. 47 2002 1–10.
Hernandez, J.A., Olmos, E., Corpas, F.J., Sevilla, F., Del Rio, L.A., Salt induced oxidative stress in chloroplasts of pea plants, Plant Sci. 105 (1995) 151–167. CrossRef
Belkhodja, R., Morales, F., Abadia, A., Gomez-Aparisi, J., Abadia, J., Chlorophyll fluorescence as a possible tool for salinity tolerance screening in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), J. Plant Physiol. 104 (1994) 667–673. CrossRef
Lynch, J., Lauchli, A., Salinity affects intracellular calcium in corn root protoplasts, Plant Physiol. 87 (1988) 351–356. CrossRef
Satti S.M.E., Al-Yahyai R.A., Salinity tolerance in tomato: implications of potassium, calcium and phosphorus. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 26 (17 & 18) (1995) 2749–2760. CrossRef
Asch, F., Dingkuhn, M., Wittstock, C., Doerffling, K., Sodium and potassium uptake of rice panicles as affected by salinity and season in relation to yield and yield components, Plant Soil 207 (1999) 133–145. CrossRef
Bolat, I., Kaya, C., Almaca, A., Timucin, S., Calcium sulfate improves salinity tolerance in rootstocks of plum, J. Plant Nutr. 29 (2006) 553–564. CrossRef
Schachtman, D., Lio, W., Molecular pieces to the puzzle of the interaction between potassium and sodium uptake in plants, Trends Plant Sci. 4 (1999) 281–287. CrossRef
Banuls, J., Legaz, F., Primo-Millo, E., Salinity-calcium interactions on growth and ionic concentration of citrus plants, Plant Soil 133 (1991) 39–46. CrossRef
Suarez, D.L., Grieve, C.M., Predicting cation ratios in corn from saline solution composition, J. Exp. Bot. 39 (1988) 605–612. CrossRef
Banuls, J., Serna, M.D., Legaz, F., Talon, M., Primo-Millo, E., Growth and gas exchange parameters of citrus plants stressed with different salts, J. Plant Physiol. 150 (1997) 194–199. CrossRef
Zekri, M., Parsons, L.R., Salinity tolerance of citrus rootstocks: effects of salt on root and leaf mineral concentrations, Plant Soil 147 (1992) 171–181. CrossRef
Gorham, J., WynJones, R.G., McDonnell, E., Some mechanisms of salt tolerance in crop plants, Plant Soil 89 (1985) 15–40. CrossRef
Hampson, C.R., Simpson, G.M., Effect of temperature, salt and osmotic potential on early growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum), Can. J. Bot. 68 (1990) 524–528. CrossRef
Ashraf, M., Salt tolerance of pigeon pea Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. at three growth stages, Ann. Appl. Biol. 124 (1994) 153–164. CrossRef
Santa-Maria, G.E., Epstein, H., Potassium/sodium selectivity in wheat and the amphiploid cross wheat × Lophopyrum elongatum, Plant Sci. 160 (2001) 523–534. CrossRef