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Mango-based orchards in Senegal: diversity of design and management patterns

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2013

Isabelle Grechi*
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr
Cheikh Amet Bassirou Sane
Affiliation:
Inst. Sénégalais Rech. Agric. (ISRA), Cent. Dev. Hortic., BP3120 Dakar, Senegal Univ. Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Fac. Sci. Tech., BP 5005 Dakar, Senegal
Lamine Diame
Affiliation:
Inst. Sénégalais Rech. Agric. (ISRA), Cent. Dev. Hortic., BP3120 Dakar, Senegal Univ. Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Fac. Sci. Tech., BP 5005 Dakar, Senegal
Hubert De Bon
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr
Aurore Benneveau
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, F-97410 Saint-Pierre, La RéunionFrance
Thierry Michels
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, F-97410 Saint-Pierre, La RéunionFrance
Virginie Huguenin
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr
Eric Malezieux
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr
Karamoko Diarra
Affiliation:
Univ. Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Fac. Sci. Tech., BP 5005 Dakar, Senegal
Jean-Yves Rey
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr Inst. Sénégalais Rech. Agric. (ISRA), Cent. Dev. Hortic., BP 484 Thiès, Senegal
*
* Correspondence and reprints
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Abstract

Introduction. Mango-based orchards in Senegal occur in a large diversity of cropping systems, but few typologies of these systems exist and none are associated with their comprehensive and quantitative analysis. In this study we defined and characterized the typology of these systems based on a quantitative assessment of their planting design, management, vegetative state, hedgerow structure and infestation by a major pest of mango, the Bactrocera invadens fly. Materials and methods. Multivariate analysis and clustering methods were applied to data from 64 mango-based orchards and their surrounding hedgerows sampled in the Dakar and Thiès regions, in Senegal. Results and discussion. Four types of cropping systems were identified according to orchard design and management patterns: (1) ‘No-input mango diversified orchards’, (2) ‘Low-input mango orchards’, (3) ‘Medium-input citrus-predominant orchards’ and (4) ‘Medium-input large mango- or citrus-predominant orchards’. Orchard characteristics varied among these patterns. For instance, vegetation was dense and homogeneous in system 1, and the mortality rate of trees was high in system 2 but low in system 3. Orchards of systems 3 and 4 were mostly associated with hedgerows with, respectively, boundary-marking and defensive species. Lastly, the number of B. invadens flies was high in orchards of system 4, whereas it was low in those of system 2. Conclusion. The diversity of mango-based cropping systems in Senegal is now well described and quantified. This characterization is a preliminary step that is essential for further studies aiming to improve these systems.

Type
Original article
Copyright
© 2013 Cirad/EDP Sciences

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