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Early Silurian granitic rocks and associated enclaves as evidence of rapid cooling in a cognate magma system: the case of the Xuehuading–Panshanchong pluton, South China Block

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 November 2020

Quan Ou Open the ORCID record for Quan Ou [Opens in a new window] ,
Jian-Qing Lai ,
Bruna B. Carvalho ,
Feng Zi ,
Zi-Qi Jiang ,
Kun Wang  and
Yi-Zhi Liu
Quan Ou*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha410083, China
Jian-Qing Lai*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha410083, China
Bruna B. Carvalho
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Università degli studi di Padova, Via G. Gradenigo 6, 35131Padova, Italy
Feng Zi
Affiliation:
Institute of Mineral Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
Zi-Qi Jiang
Affiliation:
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Hidden Metallic Ore Deposits Exploration, and College of Earth Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin541004, China
Kun Wang
Affiliation:
School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Yi-Zhi Liu
Affiliation:
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Hidden Metallic Ore Deposits Exploration, and College of Earth Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin541004, China
*
Authors for correspondence: Quan Ou, Email: ouquanCSU@126.com; Jian-Qing Lai, Email address:ljq@csu.edu.cn
Authors for correspondence: Quan Ou, Email: ouquanCSU@126.com; Jian-Qing Lai, Email address:ljq@csu.edu.cn
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Abstract

The study of enclaves in granitic plutons provides fundamental information on the petrogenesis of their host rocks. Here we combine U–Pb zircon ages, petrography, geochemistry and Nd–Hf isotope composition to investigate the origin of dioritic–granodioritic enclaves and their host granodiorites and biotite granites in the Xuehuading–Panshanchong area, which is a pivotal site to study the Palaeozoic intracontinental orogenic processes of the South China Block. Obtained ages indicate that the host rocks were formed in early Silurian time (c. 432 Ma). The enclaves are fine grained, but with mineral assemblages similar to their hosts and contain amphibole, biotite and plagioclase. All rocks have fractionated rare earth element patterns ((La/Yb)N = 2.86–8.16), except for one biotite granite that has a concave rare earth element pattern ((La/Yb)N = 1.50). Most rocks are depleted in Ta–Nb–Ti, and have negative Eu anomalies and ϵNd(t) (–8.86 to –5.75) and zircon ϵHf(t) (–13.30 to –4.11, except for one, –39.08). We interpret that the enclaves were formed at the borders of magma-ascending conduits, where the mafic mineral crystallization was enhanced by rapid cooling. Conversely, the biotite granites were produced by fractional crystallization from a related granodiorite magma. The sample with a concave rare earth element pattern may have been influenced by hydrothermal fluid–melt interaction. Geochemical modelling suggests that the granodiorites were likely generated by disequilibrium melting of heterogeneous amphibolites in the middle–lower crust. Considering the geological data for the Palaeozoic magmatic rocks in the South China Block, we propose that the Xuehuading–Panshanchong magmatism was likely triggered by piecemeal removal of the thickened lithospheric root and subsequent thermal upwelling of mantle, without a mantle-derived magma contribution to the granites.

Keywords

enclavesearly Silurian granitic rocksheterogeneous sourcedisequilibrium meltingSouth China Block
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 158 , Issue 7 , July 2021 , pp. 1173 - 1193
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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