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Emplacement conditions and exhumation of the Varvarco Tonalite and associated plutons from the Cordillera del Viento, Southern Central Andes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2022

Omar Sebastian Assis Open the ORCID record for Omar Sebastian Assis [Opens in a new window] ,
Claudia Beatriz Zaffarana ,
Darío Orts ,
Carla Puigdomenech ,
Víctor Ruiz González Open the ORCID record for Víctor Ruiz González [Opens in a new window] ,
Gloria Gallastegui ,
Natalia Hauser ,
Ekaterina S. Kiseeva ,
José Francisco Molina Open the ORCID record for José Francisco Molina [Opens in a new window]  and
Sebastián Pernich
Omar Sebastian Assis*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasília, Laboratório de Geocronologia e geoquímica isotópica, Brasília, 70910 900, DF, Brasil
Claudia Beatriz Zaffarana
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Alto Valle-Valle Medio e Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología (IIPG-CONICET), General Roca, Río Negro, Argentina
Darío Orts
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Alto Valle-Valle Medio e Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología (IIPG-CONICET), General Roca, Río Negro, Argentina
Carla Puigdomenech
Affiliation:
Instituto de Geociências Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires (IGeBA); CONICET; Universidad de Buenos Aires
Víctor Ruiz González
Affiliation:
Instituto de Geociências Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires (IGeBA); CONICET; Universidad de Buenos Aires
Gloria Gallastegui
Affiliation:
Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME, CSIC), España
Natalia Hauser
Affiliation:
Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasília, Laboratório de Geocronologia e geoquímica isotópica, Brasília, 70910 900, DF, Brasil
Ekaterina S. Kiseeva
Affiliation:
School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
José Francisco Molina
Affiliation:
Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Universidad de Granada, España
Sebastián Pernich
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Alto Valle-Valle Medio e Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología (IIPG-CONICET), General Roca, Río Negro, Argentina
*
Author for correspondence: Omar Sebastian Assis, Emails: seba_assis@outlook.com; sebaoassis@gmail.com
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Abstract

During the Late Cretaceous Andean orogeny, the compressive deformation associated with the shallowing of the subducting slab caused the development of the arc-related igneous rocks known as the Naunauco Belt. This study presents petrographic, mineralogical and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data for the Varvarco Intrusives (the Varvarco Tonalite, Butalón Tonalite and Radales Aplite), which crop out in the Cordillera del Viento, Neuquén Province, Argentina. The assembly of plutons was formed by mafic magma episodic injection. Amphibole and biotite compositions suggest that the Varvarco Tonalite is related to calc-alkaline, I-type magmas, typical of subduction environments. Different geothermobarometers based on amphibole and plagioclase compositions for the Varvarco Tonalite suggest shallow emplacement conditions (∼2–3 kbar, equivalent to ∼12 km depth). Apatite fission-track analyses give exhumation ages of 67.5 ± 8 Ma for the Varvarco Tonalite and 50.3 ± 5.9 Ma for the Butalón Tonalite. A calculated continuous fast exhumation rate of at least 330 °C Ma−1 is consistent with the shallow emplacement conditions, textural data and geobarometric estimations. In agreement with the thermal profile, the magmatic system was exhumed by ∼12 km within c. 2.1 Ma implying a geothermal gradient of ∼62.5 °C km−1. The last step of exhumation occurred between ∼65.3 and 56.9 Ma. The magmatic fabrics observed in the studied plutons reflect mostly magma chamber processes. The Varvarco Intrusives represent satellite calc-alkaline plutons of the North Patagonian Batholith which were emplaced syn- to post-tectonically with respect to a major deformation stage of the Southern Central Andes.

Keywords

granitoidsAndean orogenyAMSfission-track datingfast exhumation rate
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 159 , Issue 5 , May 2022 , pp. 645 - 672
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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