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Formation of ultrapotassic magma via crustal contamination and hybridization of mafic magma: an example from the Stomanovo monzonite, Central Rhodope Massif, Bulgaria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 October 2021

Peter Marchev Open the ORCID record for Peter Marchev [Opens in a new window] ,
Raya Raicheva Open the ORCID record for Raya Raicheva [Opens in a new window] ,
Stoyan Georgiev ,
Ivan P. Savov  and
Danko Jelev
Peter Marchev*
Affiliation:
Geological Institute of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, St. Acad. G. Bonchev bl. 24, 1113Sofia, Bulgaria
Raya Raicheva
Affiliation:
Geological Institute of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, St. Acad. G. Bonchev bl. 24, 1113Sofia, Bulgaria
Stoyan Georgiev
Affiliation:
Geological Institute of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, St. Acad. G. Bonchev bl. 24, 1113Sofia, Bulgaria
Ivan P. Savov
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environment, Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, University of Leeds, LeedsLS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Danko Jelev
Affiliation:
Eastern Resources Ltd., 1000Sofia, Bulgaria
*
Author for correspondence: Peter Marchev, Email: pmarchev@geology.bas.bg
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Abstract

Generally all orogenic ultrapotassic rocks are formed after melting of metasomatized sub-continental lithospheric mantle via subducted crustal mica-bearing lithologies. Here we present another possible model, based on the study of the small Stomanovo ultrapotassic monzonite porphyry intrusion in the Central Rhodope Massif, Bulgaria. The monzonite dated at 30.50 ± 0.46 Ma is intruded into the voluminous Oligocene (31.63 ± 0.40 Ma) Bratsigovo–Dospat ignimbrite. The monzonite hosts both normally and reversely zoned clinopyroxene phenocrysts. The normally zoned clinopyroxene is characterized by gradually diminishing core-to-rim Mg no. (89–74), whereas the reversely zoned clinopyroxene has green Fe-rich cores (Mg no. 71–55) mantled by normally zoned clinopyroxene (Mg no. 87–74). Neither the core of the normally zoned clinopyroxene nor the Fe-rich green cores are in equilibrium with the host monzonite. This ultrapotassic monzonite shows more radiogenic Sr isotopes ((87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.71066) and ϵNd(t) = −7.8 to −8.0 that are distinct from the host ignimbrites with (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.70917–0.70927 and ϵNd(t) = −4.6 to −6.5. The Sr–Nd isotopic data and the presence of copious zircon xenocrysts from the underlying metamorphic basement suggest extensive crustal assimilation. Our observations indicate that the Stomanovo ultrapotassic monzonite formed after extensive lower or middle crustal fractional crystallization from an evolved magma producing cumulates. The process was followed by hybridization with primitive mantle-derived magma and subsequent continuous crustal contamination. We suggest that instead of inheriting their high K2O and large-ion lithophile element enrichments from slab-derived/metasomatic fluids, the Stomanovo ultrapotassic monzonite may owe some of its unusually high alkalinity to the assimilation of potassium-rich phases from the Rhodope Massif basement rocks.

Keywords

ultrapotassic monzonitegreen-core clinopyroxenecrystal–melt mixingcrustal contaminationRhodope Massif
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 159 , Issue 1 , January 2022 , pp. 81 - 96
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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