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II.—The Geology of Bad Nauheim and its Thermal Salt-Springs
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 May 2009
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The eastern extremity of the wooded range of the Taunus, where its last spurs slope down to the Wetterau Plain and the streams from its valleys give up hurrying and wander lazily across the fertile flats towards the Main, has been a spot rich in interest since at least pre-Germanic times. The ancient Kelts, when overwhelmed by their Germanic foes, left behind them, now deep in the detritus at the foot of the Johannisberg, their hearths, chisels, and millstones, mixed up with shells and bones. In addition to these typical relics of the race, there have also been found special forms of earthen vessels, used evidently for evaporating the waters of the saline springs. The tribes described by Tacitus as being in possession at the end of the first century do not seem to have been similarly enterprising, but it is known the victorious Romans of the third century resorted thither for medicinal baths.
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page 351 note 1 Herr Weiss has been identified with the history of the locality from the earliest days of organized baths, and knows more than anyone else as to the various borings. He was most courteously willing to give all information, but unfortunately his illness prevented my profiting by his store of knowledge, except in a few minutes interview when I was on the point of leaving.
page 352 note 1 The suggestion of Gosselet (Ann. Soc. Geol. Nord, xvii, p. 300) that the base of the series is Archæan does not seem to be accepted by English or Continental geologists.Google Scholar
page 353 note 1 Throughout this paper the Post-Miocene deposits are left out of consideration. There is doubtless much interesting matter awaiting study in this direction, and Herr Professor E. Wittich (see list of references at end) has studied what he regards as Pliocene and Glacial beds in the neighbourhood.
page 354 note 1 The nearest is a little west of Ober Mörlen, where it is said to occur with a dip of 40°–50° S.E. in the same strike line as the Oppershofen-Krausberg outcrop, where characteristic fossils occur. A patch of schiefer, believed to be equivalent to those of Pfaffenwiesbach containing Orthoceras, is mapped as occurring immediately south of the sandstone.
page 354 note 2 All these strata are unfossiliferous at Bad Nauheim, but in the Koblenz district contain characteristic types, such as Rensseleria, Meganteris, Pentamerus, and Ctenocrinus. In other parts there occur Stromatopora, Calamopora, Fenestella, and Chonetes sarcinulata.
page 355 note 1 There is a brownish-grey scoriaceous rock, which is used in Nauheim for kerbstones, etc., but which I could not find in sitû. Closer observation showed the presence in it of clear blue Hauyn crystals, and it probably comes from the wellknown quarries of Niedermendig.
page 357 note 1 In the plan (Fig. 3) I have unfortunately numbered these four from west to east, instead of in the reverse order, as correctly shown in the sections (Figs. 4 and 5), but their close proximity and the fact that 2 is the only deep one renders the error of no importance.
page 358 note 1 These are the chief constituents of the dissolved solids. There are traces of various other substances, but those given here are such as can be recorded in the second decimal place.
page 359 note 1 I understand that the period of renewal is about every ten years.
page 365 note 1 See note on p. 355.