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Large predatory marine reptiles from the Albian–Cenomanian of Annopol, Poland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 June 2015

NATHALIE BARDET ,
VALENTIN FISCHER  and
MARCIN MACHALSKI
NATHALIE BARDET
Affiliation:
Sorbonne Universités, CR2P CNRS-MNHN-UPMC Paris 6, Département Histoire de la Terre, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 38, 8 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
VALENTIN FISCHER
Affiliation:
Earth Sciences Department, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3AN, Oxford, UK Département de Géologie, Université de Liège, Place du 20-Août, 4000 Liège, Belgium OD Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
MARCIN MACHALSKI*
Affiliation:
Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Twarda 51/55, 00–818 Warszawa, Poland
*
‖Author for correspondence: mach@twarda.pan.pl
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Abstract

During the Early–Late Cretaceous transition, marine ecosystems in Eurasia hosted a diverse set of large predatory reptiles that occupied various niches. However, most of our current knowledge of these animals is restricted to a small number of bonebed-like deposits. Little is known of the geographical and temporal extent of such associations. The middle Albian – middle Cenomanian phosphorite-bearing succession exposed at Annopol, Poland produces numerous ichthyosaurian and plesiosaurian fossils. These are mostly isolated skeletal elements (e.g. teeth, vertebrae), but disarticulated partial skeletons and an articulated, subvertically embedded ichthyosaur skull are also available. The following taxa are identified: ‘Platypterygius’ sp., cf. Ophthalmosaurinae, Ichthyosauria indet., Polyptychodon interruptus, Pliosauridae indet., Elasmosauridae indet. and Plesiosauria indet. The large-sized ichthyosaur ‘Platypterygius’ and the pliosaurid Polyptychodon interruptus predominate within the upper Albian – middle Cenomanian deposits. The Annopol record, combined with data from England, France and western Russia, suggests that ‘Platypterygius’ and Polyptychodon interruptus formed a long-term, stable ecological sympatry in marine ecosystems of the European archipelago, at least during the Albian – middle Cenomanian. In addition, the marine reptile assemblage from Annopol is distinct from other Eurasian ecosystems in containing also elasmosaurids in its Albian portion.

Keywords

PlesiosauriaIchthyosauriasympatrymid-CretaceousPoland
Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 153 , Issue 1 , January 2016 , pp. 1 - 16
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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