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The late-surviving ‘duck-billed’ dinosaur Augustynolophus from the upper Maastrichtian of western North America and crest evolution in Saurolophini

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2014

ALBERT PRIETO-MÁRQUEZ ,
JONATHAN R. WAGNER ,
PHIL R. BELL  and
LUIS M. CHIAPPE
ALBERT PRIETO-MÁRQUEZ*
Affiliation:
Dinosaur Institute, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd, Los Angeles, California 90007, US School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, BS8 1RJ, Bristol, UK
JONATHAN R. WAGNER
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, Texas State University-San Marcos, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, Texas 78666-4684, US
PHIL R. BELL
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia2351
LUIS M. CHIAPPE
Affiliation:
Dinosaur Institute, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd, Los Angeles, California 90007, US
*
†Author for correspondence: a.prietomarquez@bristol.uk.ac
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Abstract

We amend the taxonomy and provide new anatomical information on the hadrosaurid dinosaur Saurolophus morrisi (upper Maastrichtian Moreno Formation, central California, USA) derived from full preparation of the referred skull roof. The cranial morphology of this species is distinct enough to justify the new combination Augustynolophus morrisi gen. nov. The morphology of the nasals and surrounding cranial bones indicates that A. morrisi sported a solid nasal crest ending in an elongate triangular plate that extended above the skull roof. Autapomorphies include a crescentic base of the frontal caudodorsal process and extension of the process caudal to the frontal ‘dome’; distal end of nasal crest with knob-like process inflected rostrally; circumnarial depression lightly incised and weakly emarginated, adjacent to caudolateral margin of nasal and occupying two-thirds the width of lateral surface of distal region of crest; and caudal surface of distal nasal crest subrectangular. We formally establish the new tribe Saurolophini consisting of Prosaurolophus, Augustynolophus and Saurolophus. Saurolophin synapomorphies include a premaxilla with broad arcuate contour of rostrolateral region of thin everted oral margin and flat and steeply inclined occlusal surface of dentary dental battery, among other characters. Saurolophin crests evolved towards increasing caudodorsal length, along with caudal extension of the circumnarial fossa and involvement into the crest of adjacent facial elements. Augustynolophus is the second described genus of North American late Maastrichtian hadrosaurids. Its recognition implies a greater diversity among late Maastrichtian dinosaur faunas than previously recognized and is congruent with hypotheses of endemism and/or provinciality during Late Cretaceous time.

Keywords

OrnithischiahadrosauridCretaceousMesozoicsystematicsanatomy
Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 152 , Issue 2 , March 2015 , pp. 225 - 241
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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