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Mass transport deposits overprinted by contractional tectonics: a case study from the southern Apennines of Italy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2018

GIUSEPPE PALLADINO ,
GIACOMO PROSSER ,
MARIO BENTIVENGA  and
G. IAN ALSOP
GIUSEPPE PALLADINO*
Affiliation:
Geology and Petroleum Geology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
GIACOMO PROSSER
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
MARIO BENTIVENGA
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
G. IAN ALSOP
Affiliation:
Geology and Petroleum Geology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
*
†Author for correspondence: giuseppe.palladino@abdn.ac.uk
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Abstract

Mass transport deposits (MTDs), created by gravity-driven deformation of unlithified sediments, and tectonic mélanges produced by contractional deformation are characterized by a similar chaotic appearance. It follows that distinguishing structures formed by soft-sediment deformation during mass transport from those produced by contractional tectonics can be problematic. In fact, deformation occurring along detachment levels may completely obliterate the original sedimentary fabric. Although a number of advances have been made during recent decades, field criteria for discriminating structures within MTDs that are overprinted by later regional contraction are not readily applicable to all the exposed examples. We address some of these general issues through a detailed case study of the Monte Facito Formation in Italy. This Triassic unit was formed during the Africa–Europe continental separation and, since the Miocene, has been involved in contractional deformation during the construction of the Apennines. The Monte Facito Formation consists of a series of stratigraphically coherent units, separated by chaotic and often deformed intervals, whose origin has been previously attributed to either tectonic or sedimentary processes. An example is provided by a characteristic pebbly mudstone (or ‘paraconglomerate’) which has been interpreted as either a Triassic gravity-flow deposit, or alternatively, as a product of shearing along regional contractional detachments during the Miocene. This detailed field-based study allows us to recognize structures related to the depositional processes that created these chaotic intervals, and which can therefore be interpreted as MTDs. We also discriminate structures connected to later contractional tectonics that locally produced intense reworking of the MTDs.

Keywords

Mass transport depositssedimentary mélangesolistostromestectonic overprintMonte Facito Formationsouthern Apennines
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 156 , Issue 5 , May 2019 , pp. 849 - 873
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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