On Ammonites from Spitsbergen

L. F. Spath

doi:10.1017/S0016756800104662

On Ammonites from Spitsbergen

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 May 2009

L. F. Spath

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There appears to be a good deal of variation in the Lower Triassic succession of the different parts of Spitsbergen, even between Ice Fjord and Bell Sound, at which latter Gyronites nathorsti J. Böhm occurs in soft shales. The grey sandstones with a Lamellibranch fauna of Werfenian age from Axel Island, again, represent quite a different facies.

Type: Original Articles
Information: Geological Magazine , Volume 58 , Issue 8 , August 1921 , pp. 347 - 356

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800104662 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1921

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^{page 347 note 1} This has taken place since this paper was bandei in for publication, the writer opening a discussion on the subject at the Geological Society meeting of 8th 06, 1921.Google Scholar

^{page 348 note 1} Wittenburg, , “Üb. Werfen. Sch. v. Spitzbergen”: Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pélersb., ser. VI, 1912, pp. 947–8.Google Scholar

^{page 348 note 2} These specimens are from Sticky Keep, whereas the first three in the above list are from “Bluff, above entrance to Flower Valley, over nodule bed”, (Escarpment Shales of Professor Gregory's Section II). The last (Gymnotoceras), which has a more slaty (worn) aspect, is from “Sassen-Bay”.Google Scholar

^{page 348 note 3} “Z. Kenntn. d. Arkt. Trias.”: N. Jb. f. Min., etc., vol. i, 1911, p. 117.Google Scholar

^{page 348 note 4} Among 3,500 Bosnian Ammonites from the “trinodosus-zone”, recently named by the writer, the genera Ptychites and Monophyllites were represented by 640 and 314 specimens respectively, and, besides Arcestids, the dominant element of the fauna.Google Scholar

^{page 348 note 5} There is a certain resemblance in ornament to Protrachyceras sverdrupi Kittl (“Die Trias-Fossil, v. Heureka Sund”: Report 2nd Norw. Arct. Exped. in the Fram, 1898–1902, No. 7, 1907, p. 39, pl. iii, fig. 9) also associated with a Daonella very similar to the Spitsbergen form.Google Scholar

^{page 348 note 6} This author (loc. cit., p. 13) has a black, fine-grained limestone with this Lingula above the Lower Trias, and since the Lingula also occurs in slabs with Daonella he considers it of Ladinian (Middle Triassic) age. The form here referred to L. lindströmi, like Gymnotoceras falcatum and Monophyllites cf. spetsbergensis, are preserved in a black limestone that is characterized by the brownish calcite, replacing the shells; but Arctoceras may be similarly preserved.Google Scholar

^{page 349 note 1} This small form is characterized by three saddles, like Himalayan species of the group of M. suessi, figured by Diener (1895, pl. xxxi), but in shape more like M. nara Diener or M. spetsbergensis (Öberg).Google Scholar

^{page 349 note 2} Loc. cit., 1886, p. 49, pl. ix, figs. 13, 14 only. Many examples of this form from “West of Fortress”, near Cape Staratshin, and from Trias Point, North Side of Van Keulen's Bay, Bell Sound, are in Mr. Reynolds's Collection.Google Scholar

^{page 349 note 3} After seeing Professor Gregory's section I, the writer would put this Gymnotoceras fauna into D₁ (“Earthy Limestone”).Google Scholar

^{page 349 note 4} “Beitr. z. Geol. d. Bären-Insel, Spitzb. und d. Kön. Karl Landes”: Bull. Geol. Inst. Univ. Upsala, vol. x, 1910–1911, Nos. 19 and 20, p. 352.Google Scholar

^{page 351 note 1} A number of specimens of comparable Perisphinctids and Virgatites from Cape Delta, Sassen Bay, are in the Reynolds Collection.Google Scholar

^{page 351 note 2} Lundgren, , “Jura und Trias Fossil., etc.”: Bihang till K. Svenska Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. viii, No. 12, 1883, p. 6, pl. i, figs. 1,2. Most of the examples, representing impressions of large individuals, appear to be coarser than Lundgren's figures, and may belong to the form recorded as Cardioceras n.sp. from black, carbonaceous shales of the King Charles's Isles by Pompeckj (“Marines Mesozoic. v. König-Karls-Land”: Öfversigt af k. Vet. Ak. Förh., 1899, No. 5, p. 458).Google Scholar

^{page 351 note 3} Very close to examples in the British Museum, identified by Dr. Salfeld, from a very similar carbonaceous shale of Culgower and Cromarty, Scotland, also containing Rasenia.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 1} Ravn, J. P. J., “On Jurass. and Cret. Foss. from N.E. Greenland”: Mus. Min. Géol Univ. Copenhague, Comm. Paléont., No. 10, 1911, p. 486, pl. xxxvi, figs. 1–3.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 2} “L'Oxf. et le Séquan. d. Gouv, de Moscou et de Riasan”: Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, N.s., vol. xvii (1903), 1904, p. 273, pl. xi, fig. 2.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 3} “Üb. d. Russ. Aucellen”: Mém. Com. Géol. St. Pétersb., vol. viii, No. 1, 1888, p. 44.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 4} Additional examples of A. nathorsti in the Reynolds Collection come from the south side of Van Keulen's Bay, Bell Sound, and from Green Harbour (south-west).Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 5} “Om Trias och Jura- Först. fr. Spetsbergen”: K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., vol. vi, No. 6, 1866, pp. 10, 19.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 6} Loc. cit., 1883, p. 3.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 7} Sowerby's A. triplicatus, (xcii, 2) is a Rasenia; A. triplex (ccxciii, 4) and A. trifidus (ccxcii) are Corallian Perisphinetids.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 8} In Nathorst,“Eine vorläuf. Mitt. v. Prof. J. F. Pompeckj üb. d. Altersfrage d. Juraablag. Spitzbergens”: Geol. Fören. Förh., vol. xxxii, Heft 6, 11. 1910, p. 1503 (table).Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 9} Supplement to the Geology of Weymouth, etc., new ed., 1888, pl. xiii, fig. 3.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 10} Études, etc. i, 1889, p. 60, pl. iii, fig. 3a only. Trautschold's original (A. polygyratus Rein., “Z. Fauna d. Russ. Jura”: Moskau, 1866, p. 19, pl. iii, fig. 4) is quite different.Google Scholar

^{page 353 note 1} A comparable specimen in the Reynolds Collection comes from Ulla Berg, North Side of Van Keulen's Bay, Bell Sound.Google Scholar

^{page 353 note 2} “D. Amm. d. Unt. Wolga- Stufe”: Mém. Com. Géol. St. Pét., vol. viii, No. 2, 1890, p. 121, pl. vii, fig. 2 only.Google Scholar

^{page 353 note 3} “Allg. Geol. Karte v. Russland, Blatt 71, Kostroma”: Mém. Com. Géol, vol. ii, No. 1, 1885, p. 125, pl. iii, fig. 14.Google Scholar

^{page 353 note 4} “Monogr. Beschreib. d. Amm. Gattung Perisphinctes”: Palœontcgraphica, vol. xlv, pts. iv, v, 1898–1899, p. 269.Google Scholar

^{page 353 note 5} “Die Gliederung d. Ob. Jura in N.W. Europa, etc.”: N. Jb. f. Min., etc., Beil. Bd. 37, 1914, p. 129, and table i.Google Scholar

^{page 353 note 6} There is very good agreement with Per. nikitini Michalski (loc. cit., p. 232, pl. xiii, fig. 1), but the much larger outer whorl has the aspect of that of such gigantic forms as Virgatites virgatus (in Michalski, loc. cit., pl. iii, fig. 1) or of “Perisphinctes” losseni NeumayrGoogle Scholar & Uhlig (“Ub. Ammonitid. a. d. Hilsbild. Norddeutschl.”: Palœontographica, vol. xxvii, pts. iii–vi, 1881, p. 144, pl. xviiiGoogle Scholar). The inner whorls characterize the latter as probably a Polyptychites, so that the resemblance of the outer whorl is only superficial.

^{page 353 note 7} Loc. cit., 1914, p. 129; also “Certain Upper Jurassic Strata of England”: Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. lxix, 1913, p. 423.Google Scholar

^{page 353 note 8} “Mon. Pal. z. á A. tenuilabatus, etc.”: Mem. Soc. Pal. Suisse, vol. iii, 1876, p. 86, pl. xiii, fig. 13.Google Scholar

^{page 353 note 9} Amm. d. Schwäb. Jura, 1888, p. 998, pl. cxii, fig. 3.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 1} Loc. cit., 1885, p. 133, pl. v, fig. 20.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 2} E.g. C. [“Olcosteph.”] bidevexus Bogoslowsky, “D.Rjasan Horizont, seine Fauna, etc.”: Mat. z. Geol. Russl., vol. xviii, 1897, p. 56, pl. iii, figs. 3, 4.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 3} In Murchison, Verneuil, & Keyserling, Géol. d. I. Russ. d'Europe, etc., vol.ii. pt.iii, Pal., 1845, p.439, pl. xxxiv, figs. 13–17. Tullberg(“Üb.Verstein. a. d. Aucellen-Schichten Novaja-Semljas”: Bihang till K. Svenska Vet.-Akad Handl., vol. vi, 1881, No. 3, p. 7) records Craspedites okensis from Novaja-Zemlya, where Amœboceras also is found.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 4} Salfeld, (“Monogr. d. Gattg. Ringsteadia”: Palœontographica, vol. lxii, pl. ii, 1917, pp. 73–4) points out that certain Involuticeras of a much lower horizon have been confused with Craspedites (e.g. by Burckhardt, 1906), but the boreal forms here described have no resemblance to the Southern Involuticeras. Their poor state of preservation, unfortunately, prevents exact comparison with the numerous similar Craspedites of the subditus—plicomphalus group in the Blake Collection.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 5} Argiles de Speeton, 1892, p. 44, pl. v(ii), figs. 1,2; also Sibir. Sept., loc. cit., 1913, p. 16, pl. ii, fig. 4.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 6} “Die Polyptychites-Arten d. Unt. Valangin.”: Abh. k. Preuss. Geol. Landesanst., N.F., Heft 59, 1909, p. 76, Atlas pl. xii, figs. 2, 3.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 7} “Die Ammonitid. d Nordd. Neoc.”: Abh. k. Preuss. Geol. Landesanst., N.F., vol. xxiv, 1902, p. 122, pl. iv, fig. 1 only. This, however, belongs to a higher zone and the suture-line is different.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 8} “Les Céph. d. Jura et du Crét. Inf. d. 1. Sibir. Sept.”: Res. Scient. d l'Exp. Pol. Russ., 1901–1903, Sect. C; “Geol. & Pal., Livr. 4”: Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pét., ser. VIII, vol. xxi, No. 4, p. 29, pl. vi, fig. 1.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 9} Ib., p. 19, pl. iii, fig. 2.Google Scholar

^{page 355 note 1} “Mat. z. Kenntn. d. Untercret. Amm. Fauna v. Centr. und N. Russl.”: Mém. Com. Géol., N.S., Livr. 2, 1902, p. 140, pl. xvii, fig. 1.Google Scholar

^{page 355 note 2} Loc. cit. (Sibir. Sept.), 1913, p. 37.Google Scholar

^{page 355 note 3} Ib., p. 34, pl. viii.Google Scholar

^{page 355 note 4} Loc cit., 1909, p. 50, pl. xx., figs. 1, 5.Google Scholar

^{page 355 note 5} Ib., p. 52, pl. xxii, figs. 1, 2.Google Scholar

^{page 355 note 6} Stolley, , “Üb. d. Kreideform. und ihre Fossil. auf Spitzbergen”: K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., vol. xlvii, No. 11, 1912, pp. 10–12.Google Scholar

^{page 356 note 1} The writer is unable to assign these specimens to any bed of Professor Gregory's succession.Google Scholar

^{page 356 note 2} In Bogoslowsky, loc. cit., 1902, p. 128, pl. vi, fig. 4.Google Scholar

^{page 356 note 3} “Beitr. z. Kenntn. d. südruss. Apt. und Alb.”: Verh. Russ. Kais. Min.Ges. zu St. Pet., ser. II, vol. xlvii, 1909, p. 31, pl. ii, figs. 27–9.Google Scholar

^{page 356 note 4} Ib., p. 29, pl. ii, figs. 7–18.Google Scholar

^{page 356 note 5} In Nathorst, loc. cit., p. 1500.Google Scholar

^{page 356 note 6} “Untersuch. Ammonit. Unt. Gault Mangyschlaks und Kaukasus”: Verh. Russ. Kais. Min. Ges., ser. II, vol. xlv, 1907, p. 473, pl. iii, figs. 9–13.Google Scholar

⁷ Loc. cit., p. 12.Google Scholar

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