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Petrogenesis of Eocene Wangdui adakitic pluton in the western Gangdese belt, southern Tibet: implications for crustal thickening

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2022

Chang-da Wu ,
Yuan-chuan Zheng Open the ORCID record for Yuan-chuan Zheng [Opens in a new window] ,
Zeng-qian Hou ,
Pei-yan Xu ,
Lin-yuan Zhang ,
Yang Shen ,
Lu Wang  and
Xin Li
Chang-da Wu
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing100037, People’s Republic of China
Yuan-chuan Zheng*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, and School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing100083, People’s Republic of China
Zeng-qian Hou
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing100037, People’s Republic of China
Pei-yan Xu
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, and School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing100083, People’s Republic of China
Lin-yuan Zhang
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing100037, People’s Republic of China
Yang Shen
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, and School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing100083, People’s Republic of China
Lu Wang
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, and School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing100083, People’s Republic of China
Xin Li
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, and School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing100083, People’s Republic of China
*
Author for correspondence: Yuan-chuan Zheng, Email: zhengyuanchuan@gmail.com
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Abstract

Lower-crust-derived adakitic rocks in the Gangdese belt provide important constraints on the timing of Tibetan crustal thickening and on the relative contributions of magmatic and tectonic processes. Here we present geochronological and geochemical data for the Wangdui porphyritic monzogranites in the western Gangdese belt. Zircon U–Pb dating yields emplacement ages of 46–44 Ma. All samples have high Sr (321–599 ppm), low Yb (0.76–1.33 ppm) and Y (10.6–18.3 ppm) contents, with high La/Yb (51.1–72.3) and Sr/Y (21.0–51.4) ratios, indicating adakitic affinities. The low MgO (0.97–1.76 wt %), Cr (7.49–53.6 ppm) and Ni (4.75–29.1 ppm) contents, as well as high 87Sr/86Sr(i) (0.7143–0.7145), low ϵNd(t) (−10.4 to −9.8) and zircon ϵHf(t) (−17.7 to 0.4) values, suggest that the Wangdui pluton most likely originated from partial melting of the thickened ancient lower crust. In combination with previously published data, despite the east–west-trending heterogeneity of crustal composition in the Gangdese belt, the La/Yb ratios of magmatic rocks reveal that both western and eastern segments experienced remarkable crustal thickening in the Eocene. However, in contrast to the thickened juvenile lower crust in the eastern segment formed by the underplating of mantle-derived magmas, tectonic shortening plays a more crucial role in thickening of the ancient basement in western Gangdese. In fact, such Eocene-thickened ancient lower-crust-derived adakitic rocks are widely distributed in the central Himalayan–Tibetan orogen. This, together with the extensive development of fold–thrust belts, suggests that tectonic shortening might be the main mechanism accounting for the crustal thickening associated with the India–Asia collision.

Keywords

crustal thickeningEocene adakitic rockstectonic shorteningwestern Gangdese beltHimalayan–Tibetan orogen
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 159 , Issue 8 , August 2022 , pp. 1335 - 1354
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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