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Triassic magmatism in the European Southern Alps as an early phase of Pangea break-up

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2020

Angelo De Min Open the ORCID record for Angelo De Min [Opens in a new window] ,
Matteo Velicogna ,
Luca Ziberna ,
Massimo Chiaradia ,
Antonio Alberti  and
Andrea Marzoli
Angelo De Min*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss 8, 34128 Trieste, Italy
Matteo Velicogna
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss 8, 34128 Trieste, Italy
Luca Ziberna
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss 8, 34128 Trieste, Italy Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
Massimo Chiaradia
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue des Maraichers 13, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
Antonio Alberti
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Weiss 8, 34128 Trieste, Italy
Andrea Marzoli
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Università di Padova, Via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy
*
Author for correspondence: De Min Angelo, Email: demin@units.it
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Abstract

Magmatic rocks from the Dolomites, Carnic and Julian Alps, Italy, have been sampled to investigate the origin and geodynamic setting of Triassic magmatism in the Southern Alps. Basaltic, gabbroic and lamprophyric samples have been characterized for their petrography, mineral chemistry, whole-rock major and trace elements, and Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions. Geothermobarometric estimates suggest that the basaltic magmas crystallized mostly at depths of 14–20 km. Isotopic data show variable degrees of crustal contamination decreasing westwards, probably reflecting a progressively more restitic nature of the crust, which has been variably affected by melting during the Permian period. Geochemical and isotopic data suggest that the mantle source was metasomatized by slab-derived fluids. In agreement with previous studies and based on geological evidence, we argue that this metasomatism was not contemporaneous with the Ladinian–Carnian magmatism but was related to previous subduction episodes. The lamprophyres, which likely originated some 20 Ma later by lower degrees of melting and at higher pressures with respect to the basaltic suite, suggest that the mantle source regions of Triassic magmatism in the Dolomites was both laterally and vertically heterogeneous. We conclude that the orogenic signatures of the magmas do not imply any coeval subduction in the surrounding of Adria. We rather suggest that this magmatism is related to the Triassic rifting episodes that affected the western Mediterranean region and that were ultimately connected to the rifting events that caused the break-up of Pangea during the Late Triassic – Early Jurassic period.

Keywords

DolomitesbasaltsPangeageodynamic settings
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 157 , Issue 11 , November 2020 , pp. 1800 - 1822
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2020

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