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Impact of Safety-Engineered Devices on the Incidence of Occupational Blood and Body Fluid Exposures Among Healthcare Personnel in an Academic Facility, 2000–2014

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 February 2016

Hajime Kanamori ,
David J. Weber ,
Lauren M. DiBiase ,
Karen L. Pitman ,
Stephanie A. Consoli ,
James Hill ,
Emily E. Sickbert-Bennett  and
William A. Rutala
Hajime Kanamori*
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Hospital Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
David J. Weber
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Hospital Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Occupational Health Service, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Lauren M. DiBiase
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Hospital Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Karen L. Pitman
Affiliation:
Occupational Health Service, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Stephanie A. Consoli
Affiliation:
Occupational Health Service, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
James Hill
Affiliation:
Occupational Health Service, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Emily E. Sickbert-Bennett
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Hospital Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
William A. Rutala
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Hospital Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Occupational Health Service, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
*
Address correspondence to Hajime Kanamori, MD, PhD, MPH, Hospital Epidemiology, UNC Health Care, 1001 West Wing CB #7600, 101 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 (kanamori@med.unc.edu).
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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Legislative actions and advanced technologies, particularly dissemination of safety-engineered devices, have aided in protecting healthcare personnel from occupational blood and body fluid exposures (BBFE).

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the trends in BBFE among healthcare personnel over 15 years and the impact of safety-engineered devices on the incidence of percutaneous injuries as well as features of injuries associated with these devices.

METHODS

Retrospective cohort study at University of North Carolina Hospitals, a tertiary care academic facility. Data on BBFE in healthcare personnel were extracted from Occupational Health Service records (2000–2014). Exposures associated with safety-engineered and conventional devices were compared. Generalized linear models were applied to measure the annual incidence rate difference by exposure type over time.

RESULTS

A total of 4,300 BBFE, including 3,318 percutaneous injuries (77%), were reported. The incidence rate for overall BBFE was significantly reduced during 2000–2014 (incidence rate difference, 1.72; P=.0003). The incidence rate for percutaneous injuries was also dramatically reduced during 2001–2006 (incidence rate difference, 1.37; P=.0079) but was less changed during 2006–2014. Percutaneous injuries associated with safety-engineered devices accounted for 27% of all BBFE. BBFE was most commonly due to injecting through skin, placing intravenous catheters, and blood drawing.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study revealed significant overall reduction in BBFE and percutaneous injuries likely due in part to the impact of safety-engineered devices but also identified that a considerable proportion of percutaneous injuries is now associated with these devices. Additional prevention strategies are needed to further reduce percutaneous injuries and improve design of safety-engineered devices.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:497–504

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 37 , Issue 5 , May 2016 , pp. 497 - 504
Copyright
© 2016 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved 

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