Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T04:31:42.976Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Comparison of Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza and Noninfluenza Acute Respiratory Illness in Healthcare Personnel during the 2010–2011 Influenza Season

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2016

Emily Henkle ,
Stephanie A. Irving ,
Allison L. Naleway ,
Manjusha J. Gaglani ,
Sarah Ball ,
Sarah Spencer ,
Sam Peasah  and
Mark G. Thompson
Emily Henkle*
Affiliation:
Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon
Stephanie A. Irving
Affiliation:
Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon
Allison L. Naleway
Affiliation:
Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon
Manjusha J. Gaglani
Affiliation:
Scott and White Healthcare, Temple, Texas
Sarah Ball
Affiliation:
Abt Associates, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Sarah Spencer
Affiliation:
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Sam Peasah
Affiliation:
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Mark G. Thompson
Affiliation:
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
*
Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, 3800 North Interstate Avenue, Portland, OR 97227 (allison.naleway@kpchr.org)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective.

Compare the severity of illnesses associated with influenza and noninfluenza acute respiratory illness (ARI) in healthcare personnel (HCP).

Design.

Prospective observational cohort.

Participants.

HCP at 2 healthcare organizations with direct patient contact were enrolled prior to the 2010–2011 influenza season.

Methods.

HCP who were fewer than 8 days from the start of fever/feverishness/chills and cough were eligible for real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction influenza virus testing of respiratory specimen. Illness severity was assessed by the sum of self-rated severity (0, absent; 3, severe) of 12 illness symptoms, subjective health (0, best health; 9, worst health), activities of daily living impairment (0, able to perform; 9, unable to perform), missed work, and duration of illness.

Results.

Of 1,701 HCP enrolled, 267 were tested for influenza, and 58 (22%) of these tested positive. Influenza compared with noninfluenza illnesses was associated with higher summed 12-symptom severity score (mean [standard deviation], 17.9 [5.4] vs 14.6 [4.8]; P < .001), worse subjective health (4.5 [1.8] vs 4.0 [1.8]; P < .05), greater impairment of activities of daily living (4.9 [2.5] vs 3.8 [2.5]; P < .01), and more missed work (12.1 [10.5] vs 7.8 [10.5] hours; P < .01). Differences in symptom severity, activities of daily living, and missed work remained significant after adjusting for illness and participant characteristics.

Conclusions.

Influenza had a greater negative impact on HCP than noninfluenza ARIs, indicated by higher symptom severity scores, less ability to perform activities of daily living, and more missed work. These results highlight the importance of efforts to prevent influenza infection in HCP.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 35 , Issue 5 , May 2014 , pp. 538 - 546
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2014

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Sullivan, KM, Monto, AS, Longini IM Jr. Estimates of the US health impact of influenza. Am J Public Health 1993;83(12): 1712–1716.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2. Küster, SP, Shah, PS, Coleman, BL, et al. Incidence of influenza in healthy adults and healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2011;6(10):e26239.Google ScholarPubMed
3. Molinari, NA, Ortega-Sanchez, IR, Messonnier, ML, et al. The annual impact of seasonal influenza in the US: measuring disease burden and costs. Vaccine 2007;25(27)5086–5096.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Pearson, ML, Bridges, CB, Harper, SA. Influenza vaccination of health-care personnel: recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 2006;55(RR-2)1–16.Google ScholarPubMed
5. Poland, GA, Tosh, P, Jacobson, RM. Requiring influenza vaccination for health care workers: seven truths we must accept. Vaccine 2005;23(17/18)2251–2255.Google ScholarPubMed
6. Hollmeyer, HG, Hayden, F, Poland, G, Buchholz, U. Influenza vaccination of health care workers in hospitals: a review of studies on attitudes and predictors. Vaccine 2009;27(30)3935–3944.Google ScholarPubMed
7. Hofmann, F, Ferracin, C, Marsh, G, Dumas, R. Influenza vaccination of healthcare workers: a literature review of attitudes and beliefs. Infection 2006;34(3): 142-147.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Belongia, EA, Irving, SA, Waring, SC, et al. Clinical characteristics and 30-day outcomes for influenza A 2009 (H1N1), 2008–2009 (H1N1), and 2007–2008 (H3N2) infections. JAMA 2010;304(10):1091–1098.Google ScholarPubMed
9. Harper, SA, Bradley, JS, Englund, JA, et al. Seasonal influenza in adults and children—diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management: clinical practice guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48(8)1003–1032.Google ScholarPubMed
10. Thompson, MG, Gaglani, MJ, Naleway, A, et al. The expected emotional benefits of influenza vaccination strongly affect preseason intentions and subsequent vaccination among healthcare personnel. Vacane 2012;30(24)3557–3565.Google ScholarPubMed
11. Melia, M, O'Neill, S, Calderon, S, et al. Development of a flexible, computerized database to prioritize, record, and report influenza vaccination rates for healthcare personnel. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2009;30(4)361–369.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Singh-Manoux, A, Martikainen, P, Ferrie, J, Zins, M, Marmot, M, Goldberg, M. What does self rated health measure? results from the British Whitehall II and French Gazel cohort studies. J Epidemiol Community Health 2006;60(4)364–372.Google Scholar
13. Fiore, AE, Uyeki, TM, Broder, K, et al. Prevention and control of influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep 2010;59(RR-8):1–62.Google ScholarPubMed
14. Irving, SA, Patel, DC, Kieke, BA, et al. Comparison of clinical features and outcomes of medically attended influenza A and influenza B in a defined population over four seasons: 2004–2005 through 2007–2008. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2012;6(1)37–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Hernán, MA, Lipsitch, M. Oseltamivir and risk of lower respiratory tract complications in patients with flu symptoms: a meta-analysis of eleven randomized clinical trials. Clin Infect Dis 2011;53(3)277–279.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16. Hsu, J, Santesso, N, Mustafa, R, et al. Antivirais for treatment of influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Ann Intern Med 2012;156(7)512–524.Google Scholar
17. Jefferson, T, Jones, MA, Doshi, P, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;1:CD008965.Google ScholarPubMed
18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevention Strategies for Seasonal Influenza in Healthcare Settings: Guidelines and Recommendations. Atlanta: CDC, 2013. http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/infectioncontrol/healthcaresettings.htm. Accessed June 11, 2013.Google Scholar