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Impact of Mass Media on Public Behavior and Physicians: An Ecological Study of the H1N1 Influenza Pandemic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2016

Shlomi Codish ,
Lena Novack ,
Jacob Dreiher ,
Leonid Barski ,
Alan Jotkowitz ,
Lior Zeller  and
Victor Novack
Shlomi Codish
Affiliation:
Division of Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel Medical Management, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel These authors contributed equally to this work
Lena Novack
Affiliation:
Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel These authors contributed equally to this work
Jacob Dreiher
Affiliation:
Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel Hospital Division, Clalit, Tel Aviv, Israel Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
Leonid Barski
Affiliation:
Division of Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
Alan Jotkowitz
Affiliation:
Division of Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
Lior Zeller
Affiliation:
Division of Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
Victor Novack*
Affiliation:
Division of Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
*
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel (novack@bgu.ac.il).
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Abstract

Background.

The mass media plays an important role in public health behavior.

Purpose.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of mass media coverage of the H1N1 pandemic on the number of emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admission rates.

Methods.

An ecological study of ED visits to 8 general Israeli hospitals due to influenza-like illness during the period June–October 2009 was performed. Data on the number of visits per day for children and adults and daily hospitalization rates were analyzed. Associations with the estimated value of H1N1-related publications and weekly reports from nationwide sentinel clinics were assessed. The analysis was performed in 2012–2013.

Results.

There were 55,070 ED visits due to influenza-like illness during the study period. The overall number of media reports was 1,812 (14.3% radio broadcasts, 9.8% television broadcasts, 27.5% newspaper articles, and 48.5% major website reports). The overall estimated value of advertising of publications was $16,399,000, excluding the Internet. While H1N1 incidence recorded by Israeli sentinel clinics showed no association with mass media publications, peaks of media reports were followed by an increase in the number of ED visits, usually with a delay of 3 days (P = .005). This association was noted in children (P < .001) but not in adults (P > .1), with a corresponding decrease in hospital admission rates. Publications’ framing had no association with ED visits.

Conclusions.

During the 2009 H1N1 influenza outbreak in Israel, an increase in mass media coverage was associated with an increase in pediatric ED visits.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(6):709–716

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 35 , Issue 6 , 01 June 2014 , pp. 709 - 716
Copyright
© 2014 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved.

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