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Quality of inpatient antimicrobial use in hematology and oncology patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2021

Abby P. Douglas Open the ORCID record for Abby P. Douglas [Opens in a new window] ,
Lisa Hall ,
Rodney S. James ,
Leon J. Worth ,
Monica A. Slavin  and
Karin A. Thursky
Abby P. Douglas*
Affiliation:
Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia The National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Lisa Hall
Affiliation:
The National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Rodney S. James
Affiliation:
National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Leon J. Worth
Affiliation:
Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia The National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Monica A. Slavin
Affiliation:
Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia The National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, The Peter Doherty Institute for Immunity and Infection, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Karin A. Thursky
Affiliation:
Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia The National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, The Peter Doherty Institute for Immunity and Infection, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Dr Abby Douglas, E-mail: abby.douglas@petermac.org
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Abstract

Objectives:

To compare antimicrobial prescribing practices in Australian hematology and oncology patients to noncancer acute inpatients and to identify targets for stewardship interventions.

Design:

Retrospective comparative analysis of a national prospectively collected database.

Methods:

Using data from the 2014–2018 annual Australian point-prevalence surveys of antimicrobial prescribing in hospitalized patients (ie, Hospital National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey called Hospital NAPS), the most frequently used antimicrobials, their appropriateness, and guideline concordance were compared among hematology/bone marrow transplant (hemBMT), oncology, and noncancer inpatients in the setting of treatment of neutropenic fever and antibacterial and antifungal prophylaxis.

Results:

In 454 facilities, 94,226 antibiotic prescriptions for 62,607 adult inpatients (2,230 hemBMT, 1,824 oncology, and 58,553 noncancer) were analyzed. Appropriateness was high for neutropenic fever management across groups (83.4%–90.4%); however, hemBMT patients had high rates of carbapenem use (111 of 746 prescriptions, 14.9%), and 20.2% of these prescriptions were deemed inappropriate. Logistic regression demonstrated that hemBMT patients were more likely to receive appropriate antifungal prophylaxis compared to oncology and noncancer patients (adjusted OR, 5.3; P < .001 for hemBMT compared to noncancer patients). Oncology had a low rate of antifungal prophylaxis guideline compliance (67.2%), and incorrect dosage and frequency were key factors. Compared to oncology patients, hemBMT patients were more likely to receive appropriate nonsurgical antibacterial prophylaxis (aOR, 8.4; 95% CI, 5.3–13.3; P < .001). HemBMT patients were also more likely to receive appropriate nonsurgical antibacterial prophylaxis compared to noncancer patients (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.9–5.0; P < .001). However, in the Australian context, the hemBMT group had higher than expected use of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis (66 of 831 prescriptions, 8%).

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates why separate analysis of hemBMT and oncology populations is necessary to identify specific opportunities for quality improvement in each patient group.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 42 , Issue 10 , October 2021 , pp. 1235 - 1244
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America

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Footnotes

PREVIOUS PRESENTATION. An abstract of these data was presented at IDWeek 2019 on October 4, 2019, in Washington, DC.

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