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Research Guide to European Data Protection Law

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2019

Extract

“Data protection” law refers to the legal scheme governing the collection, holding, processing, disclosure, and transfer of individuals’ personal information online … and off. Data protection is a fast-changing and increasingly important supranational, international (including transnational), and national topic that touches on a numerous core political concerns, including the freedom of expression, public safety, and international trade. One recent study found that “data privacy laws are spreading globally, and their number and geographical diversity accelerating since 2000.”

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Copyright © 2014 by the International Association of Law Libraries. 

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References

1 See generally Protection of personal data, European Commission Directorate for Justice, Fundamental Rights and Citizenship, http://ec.europa.eu/justice/data-protection/ (visited Apr. 20, 2013); History of data protection by the Council of Europe, Council of Europe, http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/standardsetting/dataprotect-ion/History_more_en.asp (visited Apr. 20, 2013).Google Scholar

2 For an overview of the difference between these terms, see Marci Hoffman & Mary Rumsey, International and Foreign Legal Research, 3-9 (2012).Google Scholar

3 See Tan, Domingo R., Personal Privacy in the Information Age: Comparison of Internet Data Protection Regulations in the United States and European Union, 21 Loy. L.A. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 661 (1999), available at http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/ilr/vol21/iss4/5.Google Scholar

4 See Greenleaf, Graham, Global Data Privacy Laws: 89 Countries, and Accelerating, February 6, 2012; Privacy Laws & Business International Report, Issue 115 (Feb. 2012 special supplement); Queen Mary School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 98/2012, at 2, available at http://ssm.com/abstract=2000034.Google Scholar

5 See Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, art. 8 (Nov. 4, 1950) (commonly known as the “European Convention on Human Rights”); EU Treaty of Lisbon, Charter of Fundamental Rights, arts. 7-8 (Dec. 13, 2007). See also Juliane Kokott & Christoph Sobotta, The distinction between privacy and data protection in the jurisprudence of the CJEU and the ECtHR, 3 Int'l Data Privacy L. 222 (2013). American researchers should recall that, in Europe, fundamental rights exist against the government and against private actors.Google Scholar

6 O'Brien, Kevin J., Firms Brace for New European Data Privacy Law, New York Times, May 13, 2013, available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/14/technology/firms-brace-for-new-european-data-privacy-law.html?_r=0.Google Scholar

7 See Jacqueline Klosek, Data Privacy in the Information Age, 3 (2000).Google Scholar

8 For example, the European Union provides an introduction at http://europa.eu/about-eu/index_en.htm. Additionally, NYU provides a guide at http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/European_Unionl.htm. For American researchers especially, the Delegation of the European Union to the United States provides a guide to the European Union at http://www.euintheus.org/resources-learning/eu-guide-for-americans/. See also Hoffman & Rumsey, supra note 2, at 195-205.Google Scholar

9 For example, one may consult N-Lex at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/n-lex/index_en.htm for information on relevant European national laws. For a more global reach, one might consult McAfee's site at http://www.mcafee.com/us/regu-lations/international.aspx or Morrison & Foerster's Privacy Library at http://tinyurl.com/lh8uejj. For an annual fee of $7,000, one can also access global data protection laws and related notes provided by DataGuidance at http://www.dataguidance.com/.Google Scholar

10 Kiljunen, Kimmo The European Constitution in the Making, Centre for European Policy Studies, 22 (2004), available at http://aei.pitt.edu/32581/1/20._EU_Constitution.pdf.Google Scholar

11 While Westlaw and LexisNexis provide excellent information, particularly with regard to the European Union, this research guide aims for a larger audience than law students and others with access to these databases. Still, Westlaw will be used with regard to the use of the Legal Journals Index because this is an invaluable index in this field.Google Scholar

16 Carey, Peter, Data Protection: A Practical Guide to UK and EU Law (2009).Google Scholar

18 For information on the Directorate General for Justice, see http://ec.europa.eu/justice/index_en.htm.Google Scholar

20 Bauchner, Joshua S. & Ramani, Rekha, International Regulatory Devices: Legal Research Guides to the EU Data Protection Directive and the Convention on Biological Diversity, 25 (2001).Google Scholar

41 See Colin Bennett, Regulating Privacy: Data Protection and Public Policy in Europe and the United States (1992).Google Scholar

47 See generally Gloria Gonzalez Fuster & Raphael Gellert, The Fundamental Right of Data Protection in the European Union: In Search of an Uncharted Right, 26 Int'l Rev. L. Computers & Tech. 73 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

48 See Bennett, supra note 41.Google Scholar

49 See EU Directorate General for Justice's website for a listing of peripheral sources of EU data protection law. Available at http://ec.europa.eu/justice/data-protection/law/index_en.htm.Google Scholar

53 Note that an updated version of EurLex is being beta tested as of 2013. This guide will not address this revised version.Google Scholar

55 As described by EurLex, “[t]he advanced search service provides an interface designed to enable professionals to fully exploit the database's rich legal data through flexible search and display modules, a wide range of Boolean operators and full access to EUR-Lex indexed headings,” available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/expert/sg/sga_cnct/celexexp!dev?LANG=EN&BASE=bas-cen.Google Scholar

60 European Union Law Reporter (1962-).Google Scholar

66 Available at http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/Pages/search.aspx#{“document-collectionid”:[“COMMITTEE”, “DECISIONS”, “COMMUNICATEDCASES”, “CLIN”, “ADVISORYOPINIONS”, “REPORTS”, “RESOLUTIONS”]}.Google Scholar

70 See, e.g., De Hert, Paul and Gutwirth, Serge, Data protection in the case law of Strasbourg and Luxemburg: constitutionalisation in action, in Reinventing Data Protection?, 3 (Gutwirth, S., et al eds., 2009), available at http://works.bepress.com/serge_gutwirth/10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

94 Available at http://referenceworks.brillonline.conVbrowse/foreign-law-guide#SubjLetC (only available to those with paid access to the service).Google Scholar

98 Critchell-Ward, A. & Landsborough-McDonald, K., Data protection law in the European Union and the United Kingdom, in Comparative Law Yearbook of International Business, 29 (2007).Google Scholar

111 This research guide assumes familiarity with LexisNexis. For a more detailed tutorial on using LexisNexis generally, including a review of selecting sources and databases and the many search options, see http://www.lexisnexis.com/tutorial/global/globaltutorial_frameset.asp?sPage=overview&adaptation=academic&lbu=US&locale=en_us.Google Scholar

116 Additional general information on searching in Westlaw is available in the discussion of Indexes, supra Section IV.A.1. More information on using Westlaw available at http://lawschool.westlaw.com/shared/marketinfodisplay.asp?code=re&id=2&subpage=1.Google Scholar

117 For those logged into Westlaw, the database is available for searching at http://web2.westlaw.com/search/default.wl?db=EU-ALL&RS=W&VR=2.0&ssl=n.Google Scholar

124 Privireal, Data Protection—Bibliography (2005), available at http://www.privireal.org/content/dp/bibliography.php.Google Scholar

125 EU, “The European Union and Data Protection” Bibliography (last updated 2009), available at http://www.europarl.europa.eu/hearings/20000222/libe/ibliography_en.htm.Google Scholar