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Phased-array antennas using novel PSoC-controlled phase shifters for wireless applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 July 2021

Aparna B. Barbadekar Open the ORCID record for Aparna B. Barbadekar [Opens in a new window]  and
Pradeep M. Patil
Aparna B. Barbadekar*
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, AISSMS IOIT, Pune, India Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, VIIT, Pune, India
Pradeep M. Patil
Affiliation:
SNDCOERC, Yeola, Dist. Nashik, India
*
Author for correspondence: Aparna B. Barbadekar, E-mail: barbadekar.aparna@gmail.com
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Abstract

The paper proposes a system consisting of novel programmable system on chip (PSoC)-controlled phase shifters which in turn guides the beam of an antenna array attached to it. Four antennae forming an array receive individual inputs from the programmable phase shifters (IC 2484). The input to the PSoC-based phase shifter is provided from an optimized 1:4 Wilkinson power divider. The antenna consists of an inverted L-shaped dipole on the front and two mirrored inverted L-shaped dipoles mounted on a rectangular conductive structure on the back which resonates in the ISM/Wi-Fi band (2.40–2.48 GHz). The power divider is designed to provide the feed to the phase shifter using a beamforming network while ensuring good isolation among the ports. The power divider has measured S11, S21, S31, S41, and S51 to be −14, −6.25, −6.31, −6.28, and −6.31 dB, respectively at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The ingenious controller is designed in-house using a PSoC microcontroller to regulate the control voltage of individual phase shifter IC and generate progressive phase shifts. To validate the calibration of the in-house designed control circuit, the phased array is simulated using $s_p^2$ touchstone file of IC 2484. This designed control circuit exhibits low insertion loss close to −8.5 dB, voltage standing wave ratio of 1.58:1, and reflection coefficient (S11) is −14.36 dB at 2.45 GHz. Low insertion loss variations confirm that the phased-array antenna gives equal amplitude and phase. The beamforming radiation patterns for different scan angles (30, 60, and 90°) for experimental and simulated phased-array antenna are matched accurately showing the accuracy of the control circuit designed. The average experimental and simulated gain is 13.03 and 13.48 dBi respectively. The in-house designed controller overcomes the primary limitations associated with the present electromechanical phased array such as cost weight, size, power consumption, and complexity in design which limits the use of a phased array to military applications only. The current study with novel design and enhanced performance makes the system worthy of the practical use of phased-array antennas for common society at large.

Keywords

Dipole antennaISM bandphase shifterpower dividerPSoC
Type
Antenna Design, Modelling and Measurements
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 14 , Issue 7 , September 2022 , pp. 879 - 891
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

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