Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T19:37:54.730Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Transferring Manufacturing Technology: Producing Essential Vaccines in Pakistan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2009

M. I. Burney
M. I. Burney
Affiliation:
Pakistan National Institute of Health (Retired)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Pakistan has produced essential vaccines as part of an Expanded Program on Immunization. The program has been successful in achieving high rates of immunization in pregnant women and children under two years of age. This paper focuses on key events in the development of Pakistan's capacity to produce vaccines.

Type
Special Section: Industry and the Generation of Technology, Part II
Information
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care , Volume 9 , Issue 3 , Summer 1993 , pp. 397 - 406
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.International review of primary health care (PHC). Pakistan Evaluation Report-1988. Islamabad, Pakistan: National Institute of Health, 1988.Google Scholar
2.Netter, R., & Perkins, F. T.World Health Organization Monograph Series 23. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1973.Google Scholar
3.Report of the federal expanded programme on immunization cell. Islamabad, Pakistan: National Institute of Health, 1990.Google Scholar
4.Robbins, A., & Freeman, P.The future of the vaccine supply for the developing world: Report for the Task Force for Child Survival. Boston, MA: School of Public Health, 1988.Google Scholar
5.Seligman, E. B. Jr., The National Institutes of Health, U.S.A., test for potency in mice. In Kaplan, M. M. & Koproski, H. (eds.), Laboratory techniques in rabies, 3rd ed. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1973, 279-86.Google Scholar
6.UNICEF. The status of the world’s children. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.Google Scholar
7.WHO report of the fifth meeting of the Scientific Working Group on Immunology. Microbiology and vaccine development 1988. Geneva, Switzeland: WHO, 1988. Publication No. CDD/IMV/88.1.Google Scholar
8.WHO report of a meeting on basic vaccinology 1987. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1987. MIM/BV/87.2.Google Scholar
9.WHO technical report series no. 323.1966 general requirements for manufacturing establishment and control laboratories. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1966.Google Scholar
10.WHO technical report series no. 530. General requirements for sterility of biological substances. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1973.Google Scholar
11.WHO technical report series no. 673. Requirements for measles vaccine (live). Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1982.Google Scholar
12.WHO technical report series no. 745. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1987.Google Scholar
13.WHO technical report series no. 747. Acceptability of cell substrates for production of biologicals: Report of the World Health Organization Study Group. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1987.Google Scholar
14.WHO technical report series no. 760. Requirements for biological substances number 40: Requirements for rabies vaccination (inactivated) for human use produced in continuous cell lines. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1987.Google Scholar
15.WHO technical report series no. 771. Requirements for measles vaccine (live): Requirements for biological substances number 12. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1988.Google Scholar