Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T17:25:37.342Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Alcohol and Narcotics: Epidemiology and Pregnancy Risks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2009

Ragnar Olegård
Ragnar Olegård
Affiliation:
Moelndal Hospital, Sweden
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Among alcohol and narcotics, alcohol is most comprehensively documented as a teratogen. However, for all other narcotics, data are continuously accumulating, convincingly displaying the teratogenic effects. The proportions between “somatic” teratogenicity and “behavioral” teratogenicity vary between the different agents. Preventive work in prenatal clinics and among social workers, as well as objective mass media attention to the problem, seems to have lowered the incidence of severe fetal alcohol syndrome where the above-mentioned activities have been practiced. The female alcohol consumption in Sweden decreased from 1976 to 1985; thereafter, a slow continuous increase is underway again, in Sweden the number of recruits to narcotic abuse peaked in the 1970s and early 1980s. Thereafter, the number of recruits among females decreased, but abuse has continued among the members of the older age groups.

Type
Screening for Phychosocial risk Factors
Information
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care , Volume 8 , Supplement S1 , January 1992 , pp. 101 - 105
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Alkohol- och narkotikautveckingen i Sverige. Rapport 89. Can Rapport-serie, nr 7. CAN & Stocialstyrelsen, Stockholm, 1989.Google Scholar
2.Alroomi, L. G., et al. Maternal narcotic abuse and the newborn. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1988, 63, 81–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Aronson, M., & Olegard, R. Fetal alcohol effects in pediatrics and child psychology. In Rydberg, U. et al. (eds.), Alcohol and the developing brain. New York: Raven Press, 1985.Google Scholar
4.Aronson, M., et al. Children of alcoholic mothers. Development. Perceptual and behavioral characteristics. Acta Psediatrica Scandinavica, 1985, 74, 27–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Bingol, N., et al. Teratogenicity of cocaine in humans. Journal of Pediatrics, 1987, 110, 93–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Chasnoff, I. J., et al. Cocaine and pregnancy; clinical and toxicological implications for the neonate. Clinical Chemistry, 1989, 35, 1276–78CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Cregler, I. L., et al. Special report. Medical report. Medical complications of cocaine abuse. New England Journal of Medicine, 1986, 315, 1495–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Farrar, H. C., & Kearns, L. G.Cocaine: Clinical pharmacology and toxicology. Journal of Pediatrics, 1989, 115, 665–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Finnegan, L.Management of maternal and neonatal substance abuse problems. NIDA Research Monographs, 1988, 81, 177–82.Google Scholar
10.Fried, P. A.Postnatal consequences of maternal marijuana use in humans. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1989, 562, 123–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Hadeed, A. J., & Siegel, S. R.Maternal cocaine use during pregnancy: Effect on the new-born infant. Pediatrics, 1989, 84, 205–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Halmesmaki, E. Alcohol consumption in pregnancy. Dissertation. Helsinki, Finland: University of Helsinki, 1987.Google Scholar
13.Hingson, R., et al. Effects of maternal drinking and marijuana use on fetal growth and development. Pediatrics, 1982, 70, 539–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Ihler, M. M., et al. Changes in the use of intoxicants after onset of pregnancy. British Journal of Addiction, submitted 05 1990.Google Scholar
15.Johansson, H., & Nordenstam, I. Svensk Ldkemedelsstatistik, 1989. S-105 14 Stockholm, 1990.Google Scholar
16.Kaye, K., et al. Birth outcomes for infants of drug abusing mothers. New York State Journal of Medicine, 1989, 89, 256–61.Google ScholarPubMed
17.Klenka, H. M.Babies born in a district hospital to mothers taking heroin. British Medical Journal, 1986, 293, 745–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Kyllerman, M., et al. Children of alcoholic mothers. Growth and motor performance. Acta Psediatrica Scandinavica, 1985, 74, 20–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Laegreid, L., et al. Teratogenic effects of benzodiazepine use during pregnancy. Journal of Pediatrics, 1989, 114, 126–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Laegreid, L., et al. Congenital malformations and maternal consumption of benzodiazepines. A case-control study. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1990, 32, 432–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Larsson, G.The amphetamine addicted mother and her child. Acta Psediatrica Scandinavica, 1980, 278(suppl.).Google ScholarPubMed
22.Larsson, G., et al. Prospective study of children exposed to variable amounts of alcohol in utero. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1985, 60, 315–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Larsson, G., et al. Heroinmissbruk under graviditet—risker, klinisk bild och behandlingsförslag. Ldkartidningen, 1981, 78, 2620–25.Google Scholar
24.Little, B. B., et al. Methamphetamine abuse during pregnancy: Outcome and fetal effects. Obstetrics and Cynecology, 1988, 72, 541–44.Google ScholarPubMed
25.Olegård, R., et al. Effects on the child of alcohol abuse during pregnancy. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 1979, 275(suppl.), 112–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Rosett, H. L., & Weiner, L.Alcohol and the fetus. New York: Oxford University Press, 1984.Google Scholar
27.SOU 1987:11. Statens offentliga utredningar. Justitiedepartementet, Stockholm 1987.Google Scholar
28.Streissguth, A. P., et al. Teratogenic effects of alcohol in humans and laboratory animals. Science, 1980, 209, 353–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29.Streissguth, A. P., et al. Intelligence, behavior and dysmorphogenesis in the fetal alcohol syndrome. Journal of Pediatrics, 1978, 93, 363–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Strömland, K.Ocular abnormalities in the fetal alcohol syndrome. Acta Ophthalmologica, 1985, 171(suppl.), 63.Google ScholarPubMed