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Disruptive technologies in health care disenchanted: a systematic review of concepts and examples

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2022

Matthias Perleth*
Affiliation:
Abteilung Fachberatung Medizin, Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (G-BA), Berlin, Germany
Rossella Di Bidino
Affiliation:
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Directorate for Technology and Innovation, Health Technology Assessment Unit, Rome, Italy
Li-Ying Huang
Affiliation:
Division of Health Technology Assessment, Center for Drug Evaluation, Taipei, Taiwan
Lydia Jones
Affiliation:
Abteilung Fachberatung Medizin, Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (G-BA), Berlin, Germany
Michelle Mujoomdar
Affiliation:
Scientific Affairs, Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), Ottawa, ON, Canada
Susan Myles
Affiliation:
Health Technology Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
Andres Pichon-Riviere
Affiliation:
Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Junainah Sabirin
Affiliation:
Malaysian Health Technology Assessment Section (MaHTAS), Medical Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
Tara Schuller
Affiliation:
International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA) Secretariat, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Jennifer Washington
Affiliation:
Health Technology Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
*
*Author for correspondence: Matthias Perleth, E-mail: matthias.perleth@g-ba.de

Abstract

Objectives

To clarify the concept of disruptive technologies in health care, provide examples and consider implications of potentially disruptive technologies for health technology assessment (HTA).

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of conceptual and empirical papers on healthcare technologies that are described as “disruptive.” We searched MEDLINE and Embase from 2013 to April 2019 (updated in December 2021). Data extraction was done in duplicate by pairs of reviewers utilizing a data extraction form. A qualitative data analysis was undertaken based on an analytic framework for analysis of the concept and examples. Key arguments and a number of potential predictors of disruptive technologies were derived and implications for HTA organizations were discussed.

Results

Of 4,107 records, 28 were included in the review. Most of the papers included conceptual discussions and business models for disruptive technologies; only few papers presented empirical evidence. The majority of the evidence is related to the US healthcare system. Key arguments for describing a technology as disruptive include improvement of outcomes for patients, improved access to health care, reduction of costs and better affordability, shift in responsibilities between providers, and change in the organization of health care. A number of possible predictors for disruption were identified to distinguish these from “sustaining” innovations.

Conclusions

Since truly disruptive technologies could radically change technology uptake and may modify provision of care patterns or treatment paths, they require a thorough evaluation of the consequences of using these technologies, including economic and organizational impact assessment and careful monitoring.

Type
Assessment
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

We are grateful for the peer review of the search strategy by the information specialists of the Team Information Management of the G-BA.

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