Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T04:29:23.320Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Psychiatric Interventions for Prevention of Mental Disorders: A Psychosocial Perspective

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2009

Odd Steffen Dalgard
Affiliation:
National Institute of Public Health
Tom Sørensen
Affiliation:
Ullevål Hospital
Inger Sandanger
Affiliation:
University of Oslo
John Ivar Brevik
Affiliation:
Ullevål Hospital

Abstract

Technology for psychiatric prevention is poorly developed, and knowledge about the causes of mental Illness is difficult to apply to practical preventive work. As it would take many years before the effects of primary preventive efforts would be visible, secondary and tertiary prevention are essential to reducing the prevalence of mental illness. Recent studies on reducing the negative health consequences of acute stress seem to justify some optimism that psychosocially-oriented prevention is possible. Experience with the preventive benefits of social support at times of crisis suggests that active social support can prevent social disintegration at the community level and mental health problems for individuals.

Type
Special Section: The Assessment of Psychiatry
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

2.Brevik, J. I., Dalgard, O. S., & Bruun, H. Helseprofil i lokalsamfunnet, med sorlig vekt på sosiale risikofaktorer og psykisk helse. In Dalgard, O. S., Ystgaard, M., & Døhlie, E. (eds.), Sosialt nettverk, helse og samfunn. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1995, 317332.Google Scholar
1.Bion, W. R.Experiences in groups. London: Tavistock Publication, 1961.Google Scholar
3.Brown, G. W., Andrews, B., Harris, T., et al. Social support, self esteem and depression. Psychological Medicine, 1986, 16, 813–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Caplan, G. Community psychiatry: The changing role of the psychiatrist. In Goldston, S. (ed.) Concepts of community psychiatry. Public Health Service Publication No. 1319. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1965.Google Scholar
5.Caplan, G. Personal reflections by Gerald Caplan. In Schulber, H. C. & Killilea, M. (eds.) The modern practice of community mental health. San Francisco: Jossey-Ross, 1982.Google Scholar
6.Dalgard, O. S. Centre for Social Network and Health: A Norwegian centre for health promotion. In Trent, D. R. & Reed, C. (eds.), Promotion of mental health, Vol. 3, Alder shot: Avebury, 1994, 7785.Google Scholar
7.Dalgard, O. S., Anstorp, T., Benum, K., & Sørensen, T. Social network and mental health: An intervention study. In Brugha, T. S. (ed.), Social support and psychiatric disorder. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995b.Google Scholar
8.Dalgard, O. S., Bjørk, S., & Tambs, K.Social support, negative life events and mental health. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1995, 166, 2934.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Derogatis, L. R., Lipman, R. S., Rickels, K., et al. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL): A measure of primary symptom dimensions. Karger, 1974, 77, 79110.Google Scholar
10.House, J. S.Work, stress and social support. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1981.Google Scholar
11.Kessler, C. K., & McLeod, J. D. Social support and mental health in community samples. In Cohen, S. & Syme, L. (eds.), Social support and health. New York: Academic Press, 1985.Google Scholar
12.Leighton, A. H., & Murphy, J. M.Primary prevention of psychiatric disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1987, 76(suppl. 337), 713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Leighton, D. C., et al. The character of danger. New York: Basic Books, 1963.Google Scholar
14.Lin, N., Dean, A., & Essel, W.(eds.), Social support, life events and depression. New York: Academic Press, 1986.Google Scholar
15.Salomom, Z., & Mikulincer, M.Combat stress reactions, posttraumatic stress-reactions, and social adjustment: A study of Israeli veterans. Nervous and Mental Disease, 1987, 175, 277–85.Google Scholar
16.Sandanger, I. Networks, interventions and group-dynamics: An accident case history. In Sørensen, T., Abrahamsen, P., & Torgersen, S. (eds.), Psychiatric disorders in the social domain. Oslo: Norwegian University Press, 1991, 5967.Google Scholar
17.Sandanger, I.The Composite International Diagnosis Interview for Psychiatric Diagnosis as an expounding instrument in the Norwegian Community Diagnosis project: Mental health and physical illness. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 1993, 3, 137–41.Google Scholar
18.Sørensen, T.Mental helse i Nordkyst. Nordland fylkeskommune. Fylkeshelsesjefen. Bodø, 1987.Google Scholar
19.Sørensen, T. Nordkystprosjektet. In Sørgaard, K. W., Sørensen, T., & Herder, O. (eds.), Lokal erfaring-Sentral kunnskap. Oslo: Kommuneforlaget, 1991.Google Scholar
20.Sørensen, T.The intricacy of the ordinary. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1994,164(suppl. 23), 108–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Sørensen, T., Bøe, N., & Ingebrigtsen, G., Tilhørighet, , lokalsamfunn og psykisk helse. In Dalgard, O. S., Ystgaard, M., Døhlie, E. (eds.), Sosialt nettverk, helse og samfunn. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1995, 144172.Google Scholar
22.Sørensen, T., & Sandanger, I.The strategic network position: A feasible model for implementing a decentralized psychiatry. Health Promotion, 1989, 4, 297304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Weisæth, L. The information and support centre. In Sørensen, T., Abrahamsen, P., & Torgersen, S. (eds.), Psychiatric disorders in the social domain. Oslo: Oslo University Press, 1991, 5058.Google Scholar
24.World Health Organization. Prevention of mental, neurological and psychosocial disorder. Report by the Director-General, World Health Organization to the 77th session of the Executive Board, 1985.Google Scholar