Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T15:36:10.575Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The development of Dysdercus voelkeri on three new sorghum varieties and assessment of its damage to grains

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Ajibola M. Daramola
Ajibola M. Daramola
Affiliation:
Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, University of Ife, P.M.B. 5029, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria
Get access

Abstract

The development of Dysdercus voelkeri on three dwarf and short-season varieties of sorghum: BES, HP3 and HP8 and its damage to the grains were studied in the laboratory and greenhouse, respectively. An average development period of 27 days was recorded on the three varieties. The fecundity, fertility, live-weight and dorsal surface area were significantly higher in insects that developed on HP8 than in those that developed on BES and HP3. There were, however, no significant differences in these parameters except fertility between the insects that developed on BES and HP3.

The highest grain damage of 56.6% was recorded for HP8, while 51 and 27.6% grain damage were recorded for BES and HP3, respectively. The potential pest status of D. voelkeri on these new and improved sorghum varieties in the southern Guinea and derived savanna zones of Nigeria is confirmed in these studies. Effective control of this bug and other sucking insects at the milky stage of grains' development is suggested for high yield and good quality grains.

Résumé

L'étude de l'évolution de Dysdercus voelkeri à base de trois variétés de sorgho nain précoce (BES, HP3 et HP8) ainsi que les endommagements de grains ont été effectués au laboratoire et à la serre. On a enregistré un moyen de 27 jours de développement pour chacune des variétés. On a remarqué une augmentation aux niveaux de la fécondité, de la fertilité, de la poids et au niveau de la surface dorsale avec les insectes qui ont évolué sur HP8 par rapport à ceux qui ont évolué sur BES et HP3. Pourtant, on n'a pas remarqué de différence importante dans ces paramètres sauf dans le taux de fertilité entre les insectes évolués sur BES et HP3.

On a enregistré 56.6% d'endommagement de grains pour HP8 ce qui etait le plus grand pourcentage tandis que BES et HP3 ont enregistré 51% et 27.6% d'endommagement chacun. Cette étude affirme le caractère nuisible de Dysdercus voelkeri sur des variétés améliorées de sorgho nouveaux qui sont cultivés dans la ceinture du savane au Nigéria. Si l'on vise à une bonne moisson de grains de haute qualité, il faut éliminer le D. voelkeri et d'autres insectes nuisibles aux grains surtout lorsque celles-ci sont encore molles.

Keywords

Dysdercus voelkerilife cyclefecundityfertilitylive-weightsorghum
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 7 , Issue 5 , October 1986 , pp. 659 - 662
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ajayi, O. (1978) Control of sorghum, millet and wheat field insect pests. In Proceedings of the 2nd National Sorghum, Millet and Wheat Workshop on National Accelerated Food Production Programme, Zaria, Nigeria, pp. 41–44.Google Scholar
Barnes, H. F. (1954) The sorghum midge problem. Report on the 6th Commonwealth Entomology Conference, pp. 101–104.Google Scholar
Daramola, A. M. (1986) Insect pests of improved sorghum varieties in the derived and southern guinea savanna zones of Nigeria. Niger. J. Sci. In press.Google Scholar
Fuseini, B. A. and Kumar, R. (1975) Biology and immature stages of cotton stainers (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) found in Ghana. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 7, 83–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geering, Q. A. (1953) A cotton stainer (Dysdercus superstitiosus Fab.) as a potential pest of sorghum. Emp. J. exp. Agric. 20, 234–239.Google Scholar
Geering, Q. A. and Coaker, T. H. (1960) The effect of the different food plants on the fecundity, fertility and development of Dysdercus superstitiosus Fab. Bull. ent. Res. 51, 61–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giles, P. H. (1965) Control of insects infesting stored sorghum in Northern Nigeria. J. stored Prod. Res. 1, 145–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golding, F. D. (1928) Bionomics of cotton stainers, Dysdercus in Nigeria. Bull. ent. Res. 18, 319–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, K. M. (1961) The sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coq) in Nigeria. Bull. ent. Res. 52, 129–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, K. M. (1962) Lepidoptercus stem borers of cereals in Nigeria. Bull. ent. Res. 53, 139–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maynard, A. L., Looshi, J. K., Hintz, H. F. and Warner, R. G. (1979) Animal Nutrition Daily Requirement. McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Obilana, A. T. (1981) New sorghum varieties for three Nigerian savanna ecological zones. In Proceedings of the 5th National Accelerated Food Production Programme on Sorghum, Millet and Wheat Workshop Zaria, Nigeria, pp. 28–35.Google Scholar
Pearson, E. O. and Maxwell-Darling, R. S. (1958) The insect pests of cotton in tropical Africa. In Empire Cotton Growing Corporation & Commonwealth, Institute of Entomology.Google Scholar
Youdeowei, A. (1967) Observation on some effects of population density on Dysdercus intermedius Dist. (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae). Bull. ent. Soc. Nigeria 1, 18–26.Google Scholar