Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T02:10:15.277Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of some botanicals and table salt against Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on stored field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 December 2017

Elias Zekarias  and
Adugna Haile
Elias Zekarias*
Affiliation:
Eritrea Institute of Technology, Mai-nefhi, PO Box 12676, Eritrea
Adugna Haile
Affiliation:
Hamelmalo Agricultural College, P.O Box 397, Keren, Eritrea
*
*E-mail: elumalet@gmail.com
Get access

Abstract

Storage pests cause considerable damage to stored grains in Eritrea. A study on storage pest control was conducted at room temperature (25 °C) and 57% relative humidity, to evaluate the efficacy of botanicals and sodium chloride (table salt) against Zabrotes subfasciatus Boheman on field pea (Pisum sativum L.). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) in three replications. The treatments used were: neem (Azadirachta indica), red pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.), sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) oil, datura (Datura stramonium L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labill), table salt (sodium chloride) and a control without pesticide. Data collected were weight loss, damage percent and germination percent of field pea grain, and also adult mortality of Z. subfasciatus. Rates of application for all the treatments were 3% w/w and an untreated control. Results of the study showed that E. globulus leaf powder caused 88.89% mortality of Z. subfasciatus and sesame oil caused 100% mortality, three days after treatment. The other treatments were less effective in causing mortality of the insect. After five months of storage, the lowest weight loss was observed in grain treated with sesame oil (1.81%) and neem (4.02%) compared with the control that had 16.68% loss. Grain weight loss was 7.45% for treatment with table salt, 8.11% for eucalyptus, 9.62% for red pepper and 15.29% for datura. Grain damage and weight loss increased as storage time increased. Moreover, these plant materials and table salt had no effect on the germination capacity of field pea. In general, the results obtained indicate that these plant materials and table salt can be used for the control of Z. subfasciatus.

Keywords

Zabrotes subfasciatusbotanicalstable saltfield peamortalityweight lossgerminationgrain damage
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 38 , Issue 1 , March 2018 , pp. 16 - 25
Copyright
Copyright © icipe 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abate, T., van Huis, A. and Ampofo, J. K. (2000) Pest management strategies in traditional agriculture: an African perspective. Annual Review of Entomology 45, 631–659.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abbott, W. S. (1925) A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology 18, 265–267.Google Scholar
Adugna, H. (2006) On-farm storage studies on sorghum and chickpea in Eritrea. African Journal of Biotechnology 5, 1537–1544.Google Scholar
Adugna, H., Dagnew, G., Biniam, Z. and Biniam, A. (2003) On-farm storage studies in Eritrea. Drylands Coordination Group/DCG Report No. 28.Google Scholar
Ahmed, S. and Din, N. (2009) Leaf powders of basil (Ocimum basilicumL.), lantana (Lantana camara L.) and gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) affect biology of Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Pakistan Entomologist 31, 5–9.Google Scholar
Akou-Edi, E. (1985) Effects of neem seed powder and oil on Tribolium confusum and Sitophilus zeamais , pp. 445–451. In Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and other Tropical Plants (edited by Schmutterer, H. and Ascher, K. R. S.). GTZ, Eschborn, Federal Republic of Germany.Google Scholar
Ali, S., Singh, O. and Mishra, U. (1983) Effectiveness of plant oils against pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis Linn. Indian Journal of Entomology 45, 6–9.Google Scholar
Ani, D. S. (2010) Screening of some biopesticides for the control of Callosobruchus chinensis in stored black beans (Vigna mungo) in Imo State. Journal of American Science 6, 186–188.Google Scholar
Bekele, J. (2002) Evaluation of the toxicity potential of Milletia ferruginea (Hochest) Baker against Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.). International Journal of Pest Management 48, 29–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boxall, R., Brice, J., Taylor, S. and Bancroft, R. (2002) Technology and management of storage, pp. 141–232. In Crop Post-Harvest: Science and Technology, Volume 1, Principles and Practice (edited by Golob, P., Farrell, G. and Orchard, J. E.). Natural Resource Institute, University of Greenwich, UK.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dendy, J. A. and Credland, P. F. (1991) Development, fecundity and egg dispersion of Zabrotes subfasciatus . Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 59, 9–17. doi: 10.1111/j.1570-7458.1991.tb01481.x.Google Scholar
Doharey, R. B., Katiyar, R. N. and Singh, K. M. (1990) Eco-toxicological studies on pulse beetles infesting green gram. 4. Comparative efficacy of some edible oils for the protection of green gram Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek against pulse beetles, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) and Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). Bulletin of Grain Technology 28, 116–119.Google Scholar
FAO (1985) Prevention of Post Harvest Food Losses: A Training Manual. FAO training series No. 10, F2921. FAO, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
FAO (2000) Crop and Food Supply Assessment. FAO Corporate Document Repository. Economic and Social Department. United Nations, Rome, Italy.Google Scholar
França, S. M., de Oliveira, J. V., Esteves Filho, A. B. and de Oliveira, C. M. (2012) Toxicity and repellency of essential oils to Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Acta Amazonica 42 (3). https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672012000300010.Google Scholar
Golob, P., Moss, C., Dales, M., Fidgen, A. and Evans, J. (1999) The Use of Spices and Medicinals as Bioactive Protectants for Grains. FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin No. 137. FAO, Rome, Italy. 239 pp.Google Scholar
Gwinner, J., Harnisch, R. and Mück, O. (1996) Manual on the Prevention of Post Harvest Grain Losses. GTZ, Eschborn, Germany. 101 pp.Google Scholar
Holland, B., Widdowson, E. M., Unwin, I. D., Buss, D. and McCance, R. A. (1991) Vegetables, Herbs and Spices: Fifth Supplement to McCance & Widdowson's The Composition of Foods. 4th Edition. Royal Society of Chemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Letchworth, United Kingdom. 163 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Javier, P. A. and Morallo-Rejesus, B. (1986) Insecticidal activity of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) extracts. Philippine Entomologist 6, 517–525.Google Scholar
Kumar, A., Shukla, R., Singh, P., Singh, A. K. and Dubey, N. K. (2009) Use of essential oil from Mentha arvensis L. to control storage moulds and insects in stored chickpea. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 89, 2643–2649.Google Scholar
Law-Ogbomo, K. and Enobakhare, D. A. (2007) The use of leaf powders of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina for the management of Sitophilus oryzae (Linn.) in stored rice. Journal of Entomology 4, 253–257.Google Scholar
Messiaen, C., Seif, A., Jarso, M. and Keneni, G. (2006) Pisum sativum L. In PROTA 1: Cereals and Pulses/Céréales et légumes secs (edited by Brink, M. and Belay, G.). (CD–Rom). PROTA, Wageningen, Netherlands. 298 pp.Google Scholar
MoA [Ministry of Agriculture] (2014) 2014 Annual report. Ministry of Agriculture, Eritrea.Google Scholar
Mulungu, L. S., Lupenza, G., Reuben, S. O. W. M. and Misangu, R. N. (2007) Evaluation of botanical products as stored grain protectant against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamis L., on maize. Journal of Entomology 4, 258–262.Google Scholar
Oelke, E. A., Oplinger, E. S., Hanson, C. V., Davis, D. W., Putnam, D. H., Fuller, E. I. and Rosen, C. J. (1991) Dry field pea. Commercial vegetable production in Wisconsin (A3422). Cooperative Extension Service, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.Google Scholar
Paul, U. V. (2007) Bean pest management in East Africa: A scientific evaluation of organic insect control practices used by Tanzanian farmers. PhD dissertation. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.Google Scholar
Rajapkse, R., Senanayake, S. G. J. N. and Ratnasekera, D. (1998) Effect of five botanicals on oviposition, adult emergence and mortality of Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) infesting cowpea Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. Journal of Entomological Research Society 22, 117–122.Google Scholar
Regnault-Roger, C. and Hamraoui, A. (1993) Efficiency of plants from the South of France used as traditional protectants of Phaseolus vulgaris L. against its bruchid Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say). Journal of Stored Products Research 29, 259–264.Google Scholar
Regnault-Roger, C., Hamraoui, A., Holeman, M., Theron, E. and Pinel, R. (1993) Insecticidal effect of essential oils from mediterranean plants upon Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), a pest of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Chemical Ecology 19, 1233–1244.Google Scholar
Salunkhe, D. K., Kadam, S. S. and Chavan, J. K. (1985) Post-harvest Biotechnology of Food Legumes. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 160 pp.Google Scholar
Shaheen, F. (2006) Integrated Management of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) attacking stored chickpea. PhD Dissertation, University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.Google Scholar
Silim, N. M. and Ambrose, A. (1993) Studies on the control of the bean bruchids Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in the East African region, pp. 50–51. In Proceedings, 2nd meeting of the Pan-Africa Working Group on Bean Entomology, 19–22 September 1993, Harare, Zimbabwe (edited by J. K. O. Ampofo). CIAT, Network on Bean Research in Africa.Google Scholar
Tesfu, F. (2011) Evaluation of Parthenium hysterophorus L. powder against Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on chickpea under laboratory conditions. Masters thesis. Addis Ababa University School of Graduate Studies, Ethiopia.Google Scholar
Vance, C. P. (2001) Symbiotic nitrogen fixation and phosphorus acquisition: plant nutrition in a world of declining renewable resources. Plant Physiology 127, 390–397.Google Scholar