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Evidence of antibiosis resistance to the spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in a maize (Zea mays L.) population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

C. J. M. Mutinda ,
K. N. Saxena ,
S.O. Ajala  and
P.O. Ayiecho
C. J. M. Mutinda
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
K. N. Saxena
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
S.O. Ajala
Affiliation:
IITA, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
P.O. Ayiecho
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, University of Nairobi P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

S2 line and S2 test-cross recurrent selection procedures were initiated to improve the resistance of a maize (Zea mays L.) population to the spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Thirty-five selections developed from the population were evaluated for resistance to the stemborer in western Kenya. Resistance was rated according to leaf feeding (LF), stem tunnelling (ST) and deadheart formation (DH) following artificial infestation with first-instar C. partellus. Larval establishment and growth were also assessed. The reduction in foliar damage ratings, percentage stem length tunnelled, and percentage of plants showing deadheart after one cycle of recurrent selection were 4.38 %, 74.80 % and 13.92 %, respectively. A very low larval establishment on all the selections was attributed to their resistance to C. partellus attack. Results from this study indicated low levels of larval growth and development. It is concluded that antibiosis was the type of resistance mechanism against C. partellus in the maize populations investigated and that more cycles of selection are required to significantly shift the gene frequencies for resistance.

Résumé

La sélection récurrente des lignées pures S2 et les hybrides de S2 issues des croisements réciproques a été initiée pour améliorer la résistance d'une population de maïs (Zea mays L.) contre l'attaque par la foreuse tachetée, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Trente cinq sélections issues de cette population ont été évaluées pour leur résistance contre la foreuse tachetée, à l'ouest du Kenya. Après une inoculation artificielle du maïs au moyen des larves du premier stade de C. partellus, le degré de résistance était estimé par échelle de cotation pour les lésions foliaires et par pourcentage du nombre et de la longueur des galeries pratiquées dans les tiges ainsi que celui des plants avec la pourriture du coeur. Le taux de survie des larves ainsi leur croissance ont également fait objet de suivi. Après un cycle de sélection récurrente, les taux respectifs de réduction étaient de 4,38% pour des lésions foliaires, de 74,80% pour la longueur des galeries dans la tige et de 13,92% pour le nombre de plants avec pourriture du coeur. Un niveau très bas de survie des larves sur toutes les sélections fut attribué à la résistance de plantes contre C. partellus. Les résultats obtenus de cette étude ont montré des niveaux très bas de croissance et de développement larvaire. On a conclu que le type de mécanisme régissant la résistance contre C. partellus au sein des populations étudiées de maïs était imputable à l'effet d'une antibiose et que des cycles complémentaires de sélection sont nécessaires pour une profonde mutation et une meilleure stabilisation du gène de résistance.

Keywords

Chilo partellusinsect pest resistancemaize breedingplant resistanceselectionChilo partellusrésistance du ravageursélection du maïsrésistance de la plantesélection
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , September 1998 , pp. 217 - 224
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1998

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