Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T23:23:58.663Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Receptors involved in host location and feeding in ticks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

S. M. Waladde
S. M. Waladde
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772 Nairobi, Kenya
Get access

Abstract

Host location and feeding among ticks involves positioning for host findings, probing, attachment, imbibing blood and thereafter detachment. Different species of ticks fulfil this sequence of events in different ways. Behavioural differences are mainly due to sensory inputs obtained by a tick and the processing of that input by the central nervous system. Tick receptors responsible for perceiving stimuli originating in the general environment and the host in particular are located on the tarsi and mouthparts. This review gives a brief account of current knowledge on sensory receptors involved in the above behavioural patterns.

Résumé

Parmi les tiques, la recherche d'un hôte comprend quatre phases: orientation (mise en place), attachement, absorption du sang, et après, detachement. Des differentes éspéces de tique accomplissent ces étapes assez differement. Ces differences de conduites sont due, pour la plupart, à des communications sensorilles et leurs traitement par le systeme nerveux. Les recepteurs responsable pour la transmission des stimules provenant de l'environnement en general, et de l'hôte en particulier, se trouvent sur les tarse et les organes orales. Cette étude est une revue de ce qui est connue actuellement sur des récepteurs en question.

Keywords

Tickstaste sensillaolfactory sensillathermoreceptorscheliceral receptors
Type
Symposium V: Host-seeking Mechanisms of Arthropods of Medical and Veterinary Importance
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 8 , Issue 4-5-6: Recent Advances in Research on Tropical Entomology , December 1987 , pp. 643 - 647
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Batelli, A. (1891) Note anatomo-fisiologiche sugli Ixodini Comraunicazione preventiva. Second part. Monit. Zool. Italiana II.Google Scholar
Berger, R. S. (1972) 2, 6-Dichlorophenol, sex pheromone of the lone star tick. Science, 177, 704–705.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, R. S., Dukes, J. C. and Chow, Y. S. (1971) Demonstration of a sex pheromone in three species of hard tick. J. Med. Ent. 8, 84–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binnington, K. C. (1972) The distribution and morphology of probable photoreceptors in eight species of tick (Ixodoidae). Z. Parasitenk. 40, 321–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camin, J. H. and Drenner, R. W. (1978) Climbing behaviour and host-finding of larval rabbit ticks (Haemophysalis, lepovispalustris) J. Parasit. 64, 905–909.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chu-Wang, I. and Axtell, R. C. (1973) Comparative fine structure of the claw sensilla of a soft tick, Argas (Persicargas) arboreus Kaiser, Hoogstraal and Kohls, and a hard tick, Amblyomma americanum (L). J. Parasit. 59, 545–555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dethier, V. G. (1972) Sensitivity of the contact chemoreceptors of the blowfly to vapours. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69, 2192–2198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elizarov Yu, A. (1963) Insect and tick chemoreception: Electrophysiologic study of the chemoreception of Ixodidae. Westn. Mosk, Univ. Ser. 6, Biol. Pochvolved. 18, 16–24.Google Scholar
Foelix, R. F. and Axtell, R. C. (1971) Fine structure of tarsal sensilla in the tick Amblyomma americanum (L). Z. Sellforsch. Mikrosk. Anal. 114, 22–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foelix, R. F. and Axtell, R. C. (1972) Ultrastructure of the Haller's organ in the tick, Amblyomma americanum (L). Z. Zellforsch. Mikrosk. Anat. 124, 275–292.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foelix, R. F. and Chu-wang, I. W. (1972) Fine structural analysis of palpal receptors in the tick Amblyomma americanum (L). Z. Zellforsch Mikrosk. Anat. 129, 548–560.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Galun, R. and Kindler, S. H. (1965) Glutathione as an inducer of feeding in ticks. Science N.Y. 147, 166–167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Galun, R. and Kindler, S. H. (1968) Chemical basis of feeding in the tick Ornithodoros tholozoni. J. Insect Physiol. 14, 1409–1421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gladney, W. J. and Drumond, R. O. (1970) Mating behaviour and reproduction of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 1036–1039.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haggart, D. A. and Davis, E. D. (1980) Ammonia-sensitive neurons on the first tarsi of the tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. J. Insect Physiol. 26, 517–523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haggart, D. A. and Davis, E. D. (1981) Neurons sensitive to 2, 6-dichlorophenol on the tarsi of the tick Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae). J. Med. Ent. 18, 187–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hess, E. and Vlimant, M. (1982) The tarsal sensory system of Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius Ixodidae, Metastriata I. Wall pore ant terminal pore sensilla. Revue Suisse Zool. 89, 713–729.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hess, E. and Vlimant, M. (1986) Leg sense organs of ticks. In Morphology and behavioural biology of ticks. (Edited by Sauer, J. R. and Hair, J. A.), pp. 361–390. Ellis Horwood, Chichester.Google Scholar
Hoogstraal, H. (1956) African Ixodoidea.—I. Ticks of the Sudan. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, United States Department of Navy, Washington.Google Scholar
Hopkins, B. A. (1964) The probing responses of Stomoxys calcitrans (L) (the stablefly) to vapours. Anim. Behav. 12, 513–524.Google Scholar
Ioffe, I. D. (1976) On the size of olfactory and visual centres in three species of tick (Paristiformes, Ixodidae). Zool. Zh. 55, 526–532.Google Scholar
Jorgensen, W. K. (1985) The ultrastructure of the sense organs of tarsus l, the palps and chelicerae of the larval cattle tick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) Ixodidae, including a study of the ultrastructure and function of the tick podium. Ph.D. thesis, University of Queensland, Australia.Google Scholar
Lahille, F. (1905) Contributions à l'étude des Ixodides de la Republique Argentine. Anales del Minist, de Agric, seccion de Zootenica etc. 11, 107–109, Buenos Aires.Google Scholar
Lees, A. D. (1948) The sensory physiology of the sheep tick Ixodes ricinus (L). J. Exp. Biol. 25, 145–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leonovich, S. A. (1977) Electron microscopy studies of Hallers' organ of the tick Ixodes persulcatus Ixodidae. Parazitologiya 11, 340–346.Google Scholar
Loftus, R. (1976) Temperature-dependent dry receptor on antenna of Periplaneta. Tonic responses. J. Comp. Physiol. 111, 153–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loftus, R. and Corbière-Tichane, G. (1981) Antennel warm and cold receptors of the cave beetle, Speophyes lucidulus Dakar, in sensilla with lamellated dendrite. J. Comp. Physiol. 143, 443–452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moorhouse, D. E. (1969) The attachment of some Ixodid ticks to their natural hosts. Proc. 2nd Int. congr. Acarol pp. 319–345.Google Scholar
McDowell, P. G. and Waladde, S. M. (1985) 2, 6-Dichlorophenol in the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann, a reappraisal. J. Chem. Ecol. 12, 69–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nuttall, G. H. F., Cooper, W. F. and Robinson, L. E. (1908) On the structure of Haller's organ in Ixodidae. Parasitology. 1, 238–243.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Panifilova, I. M. (1976) Reaction of ixodid ticks (Ixodes persulcatus, Dermacentor silvarum and haemaphysalis concinna to light. Zool. Zh. 55, 371–377.Google Scholar
Phillis, W. A. and Cromroy, H. L. (1977) The microanatomy of the eye of Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) and resultant implications of its structure. J. Med. Ent. 14, 395–400.Google Scholar
Pomerantzev, B. I. (1950) Fauna of the U.S.S.R. Arachnida. Acad. Sci. USSR 4, 1–224.Google Scholar
Sinitzina, E. E. (1974) The electrophysiology reactions on the neurons of Haller's organ in Hyalomma asiaticum (Edited by Schl, P. and Schl, E.) to odour (Acari: Ixodidae). Parazitologiya 8, 223–6.Google Scholar
Slifer, E. H. (1954) The reaction of a grasshopper to an odorous material held near one of its feet (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Proc. R. ent. London Ser. A. 29, 117–79.Google Scholar
Slifer, E. H. (1956) The responses of a grasshopper, Romalea microptera (Beauvois), to strong odours following amputations of the metathoracic leg at different levels. Proc. Roy. ent. Soc. London Ser. A. 31, 95–98.Google Scholar
Slifer, E. H. (1970) The structure of arthropod chemoreceptors. A. Rev. Ent. 15, 121–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sonenshine, D. E. (1986) Tick pheromones. In Morphology, physiology and behavioural biology of ticks. (Edited by Sauer, J. R. and Hair, J. A.), pp. 342–360. Ellis Horwood, Chichester.Google Scholar
Sonenshine, D. E., Homsher, P. J., Garson, K. A. and Wang, V. B. (1984) Evidence of the role of the cheliceral digits in the perception of genital sex pheromones during mating in the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say). J. Med. Ent. 21, 296–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sonenshine, D. E., Silverstine, R. M., Plummer, E., West, J. R. and McCullough, T. (1975) 2, 6-Dichlorophenol, the sex pheromone of the Rocky Mountain wood tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say) J. chem. Ecol. 2, 201–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Staedler, R. and Hanson, F. E. (1975) Olfactory capabilities of the gustatory chemoreceptors of the tobacco hornworm larva, Manduca sexta (Leg., Sphingidae). J. Comp. Physiol. 104, 97–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tatchell, R. J. and Moorhouse, D. E. (1968) The feeding process of the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini), part II. The sequence of host-tissue changes. Parasitology 58, 441–459.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waladde, S. M. (1976) The sensory nervous system of the adult cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) Ixodidae. Part I. Light microscopy. J. Aust. ent. Soc. 15, 379–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waladde, S. M. (1977) The sensory nervous system of the adult cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) Ixodidae. Part II. Scanning electron microscopy. J. Aust. ent. Soc. 16, 73–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waladde, S. M. and Rice, M. J. (1977) The sensory nervous system of the adult cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) Ixodidae. Part III. Ultrastructure and electrophysiology of cheliceral receptors. J. Aust. ent. Soc. 16, 441–453.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waladde, S. M. (1978) A study of the structure and physiology of certain receptors of the adult cattle tick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini, Ixodidae). Ph. D. thesis, University of Queen, Australia.Google Scholar
Waladde, S. M. (1982) Tip-recording from ixodid tick olfactory sensilla: Responses to tick related odours. J. Comp. Physiol. 148, 411–418.Google Scholar
Waladde, S. M., Kemp, D. H. and Rice, M. J. (1979) Feeding electrograms and fluid uptake measurements of cattle tick, Boophilus microplus attached on artificial membranes. Int. J. Parasit. 9, 89–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waladde, S. M., Kokwaro, E. D. and Chimtawi, M., (1981) A cold receptor on the tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus: Electrophysiological and ultrastructural observations. Insect Sci. Applic. 1, 191–196.Google Scholar
Waladde, S. M. (1982) Tip-recording from ixodid tick olfactory sensilla: Responses to tick related odours, J. Comp. Physiol. 148, 411–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waladde, S. M. and Rice, M. J. (1983) The sensory basis of tick feeding behaviour. In Physiology of ticks (Edited by Obenchain, F. D. and Galun, R.), pp. 71–83. Pergamon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Webb, J. P. Jr (1979) Host locating behaviour of nymphal Omilhodoros concanensis (Acarina: Argasidae). J. Med. Ent. 16, 437–447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webb, J. P. Jr, George, J. E. and Cook, B. (1977) Sound as a host detection cue for the soft tick Ornithodoros concanensis (Acari). Nature 265, 443–444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zolotarev, E. K. and Sinitzina, E. E., (1965) Chemoreceptive organs of the foreleg of ixodid ticks Vestn Mosk. Univ. 20, 17–25.Google Scholar