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Biochemical aspects of winter wheat resistance to aphids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

S. Niraz ,
B. Leszczyński ,
A. Ciepiela ,
A. Urbańska  and
J. Warchol
S. Niraz
Affiliation:
Institute of Applied Biology, Agricultural and Teachers University, WSR-P, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
B. Leszczyński
Affiliation:
Institute of Applied Biology, Agricultural and Teachers University, WSR-P, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
A. Ciepiela
Affiliation:
Institute of Applied Biology, Agricultural and Teachers University, WSR-P, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
A. Urbańska
Affiliation:
Institute of Applied Biology, Agricultural and Teachers University, WSR-P, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
J. Warchol
Affiliation:
Institute of Applied Biology, Agricultural and Teachers University, WSR-P, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
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Abstract

Suitable winter wheat cultivars of different degree of resistance to cereal aphids, Sitobion avenae F. and Rhopalosiphum pali L. have been studied in the field conditions. The differences in the chemical composition of possible attractants and repellants have been analysed. The results confirm the inter-pendence between contents of yellow and orange plant pigments in the leaves of the studied varieties and their preference by the aphids. The leaves of the susceptible cultivars also had the highest level of sucrose. The number of the aphids was directly proportional to the total free amino acids content. The higher degree of resistance of the cultivars was related to the contents free phenols in their tissues and was also associated with a high value of ‘toxicity index’, which is the ratio of free phenols content to free amino acids content. Also the contents of structural polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectins) of the investigated cultivars were inversely proportional to the degree of their infestation.

Résumé

Des cultivars de blé d'hiver appropriés ayant différents degrés de résistance aux aphidés Sitobion avenae F. et Rhopalosiphum padi L. ont été étudiés dans des conditions expérimentales. La différence quant à la composition chimique des différents attractifs et répulsifs a été analysée. Les résultats ont confirmé l'interdépendence entre la quantité des pigments jaunes et oranges dans les feuilles des variétés étudiés et leur préférence par les aphidés. Un haut niveau de sucrose a été aussi observé dans les feuilles des cultivars susceptibles. Les effectifs des aphidés étaient directement proportionnnels à la quantité des acides aminés libres. Il y avait un rapport entre le haut degré de résistance des cultivars et la quantité de phénols libres dans leurs tissus et le haut niveau de l'indice de toxicité qui est le rapport des phénols libres aux acides aminés libres. En outre, la quantité de polysacharides structuraux, de cellulose, hémicelluloses et pectines des cultivars analysés étaient inversement proportionnelle au degré de leur infestation.

Keywords

Cereal aphidswinter wheat resistanceantibiosisnon-preferenceamino acidscellulosehemicellulosespectinsplant phenolsplant pigmentsproteinssucroseAphidés. résistance du blé d'hiverantibiose non préférenceacides aminéscellulosehemicellulosepectinesphénols des plantes, pigmentsprotéinessucrose
Type
Section I: Types and mechanisms of host plant resistance
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 6 , Special Issue 3: Host Plant Resistance and its Significance in Pest Management , June 1985 , pp. 253 - 257
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1985

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