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Bioefficacy of enhanced diatomaceous earth and botanical powders on the mortality and progeny production of Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in stored grain cereals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 October 2017

Charles Adarkwah ,
Daniel Obeng-Ofori ,
Vanessa Hörmann ,
Christian Ulrichs  and
Matthias Schöller
Charles Adarkwah*
Affiliation:
University of Energy and Natural Resources, Department of Horticulture and Crop Production, School of Agriculture and Technology, PO Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Daniel Obeng-Ofori
Affiliation:
University of Energy and Natural Resources, Department of Horticulture and Crop Production, School of Agriculture and Technology, PO Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana
Vanessa Hörmann
Affiliation:
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Christian Ulrichs
Affiliation:
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195 Berlin, Germany
Matthias Schöller
Affiliation:
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195 Berlin, Germany Biologische Beratung GmbH, Storkower Str. 55, 10409 Berlin, Germany
*
*E-mail: charles.adarkwah@uenr.edu.gh; lesadark@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Food losses caused by insects during postharvest storage are of paramount economic importance worldwide, especially in Africa. Laboratory bioassays were conducted in stored grains to determine the toxicity of powders of Eugenia aromatica and Moringa oleifera alone or combined with enhanced diatomaceous earth (Probe-A® DE, 89.0% SiO2 and 5% silica aerogel) to adult Sitophilus granarius, Tribolium castaneum and Acanthoscelides obtectus. Adult mortality was observed up to 7 days, while progeny production was recorded at 6–10 weeks. LD50 and LT50 values for adult test insects exposed to plant powders and DE, showed that A. obtectus was the most susceptible towards the botanicals (LD50 0.179% and 0.088% wt/wt for E. aromatica and M. oleifera, respectively), followed by S. granarius. Tribolium castaneum was most tolerant (LD50 1.42% wt/wt and 1.40% wt/wt for E. aromatica and M. oleifera, respectively). The combined mixture of plant powders and DE controlled the beetles faster compared to the plant powders alone. LT50 ranged from 55.7 h to 62.5 h for T. castaneum exposed to 1.0% M. oleifera and 1.0% DE, and 0.5% E. aromatica and 1.0% DE, respectively. Botanicals caused significant reduction of F1 adults compared to the control. Combined action of botanical insecticides with DE as a grain protectant in an integrated pest management approach is discussed.

Keywords

ToxicityAcanthoscelides obtectusSitophilus granariusTribolium castaneumplant powdersDE

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Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 37 , Issue 4 , December 2017 , pp. 243 - 258
Copyright
Copyright © icipe 2017 

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